不同苹果砧木实生苗对盐碱复合胁迫的生理响应

【目的】综合评价不同苹果砧木的耐盐碱性,筛选适合新疆南疆盐碱土壤栽培的苹果砧木。【方法】以湖北海棠、小金海棠、八棱海棠、平邑甜茶、野苹果、白海棠、山定子7个4年生苹果砧木为材料,将NaCl、Na₂SO₄、NaHCO₃、Na₂CO₃按1∶9∶9∶1的比例混合,采用盆栽浇灌1/2 Hoagland营养液,模拟浓度为0、15、30、45、60 mmol/L的盐碱复合胁迫,测定7个苹果砧木在盐碱复合胁迫下叶片的叶绿素含量、相对电导率、脯氨酸含量等5项生理指标,利用隶属函数法综合评价各砧木的耐盐性。【结果】随着胁迫强度的增大,各砧木叶片叶绿素含量不断减小,相对电导率和脯氨酸含量总体呈上升趋势,可溶性总糖含量总体呈先上升后下降,可溶性蛋白含量呈先上升后下降和“升高—降低—升高”2种变化趋势。【结论】7种供试苹果砧木的耐盐碱能力由强到弱依次为八棱海棠>野苹果>平邑甜茶>小金海棠>山定子>白海棠>湖北海棠。

Physiological Responses of Seedlings of Different Apple Rootstocks to Salt-Alkali Complex Stress

【Objective】 The salt-alkali tolerance of different apple rootstocks was comprehensively evaluated, and apple rootstocks suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali soil in southern Xinjiang were selected.【Method】 Using 7 four-year-old apple rootstocks of M. hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder, M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang, M. robusta, M. hupehensis, M. sieversii Roem, M. Chaenomeles, and M. baccata Borkh as the test materials. NaCl, Na₂SO₄, NaHCO₃, Na₂CO₃ were mixed in the proportion of 1∶9∶9∶1, and 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution was irrigated in a pot, simulating the mixed saline-alkaline stress of 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mmol/L. The chlorophyll content, relative conductivity, and proline content of the leaves of seven apple rootstocks under mixed salt-alkali stress were measured. The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance of each rootstock.【Results】 With the increase of stress intensity, the chlorophyll content of each rootstock decreased, the relative conductivity and proline content showed an overall upward trend, the total soluble sugar content first increased and then decreased, the soluble protein content showed two trends of "increase decrease increase".【Conclusion】 The salt-tolerant ability of the seven tested apple rootstocks in order from strong to weak was M. robusta > M. sieversii Roem > M. hupehensis > M. xiaojinensis Cheng et Jiang > M. baccata Borkh > M. Chaenomeles > M. hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder.