徐州、平山两地中华稻蝗和日本稻蝗的群体遗传关系分析

 应用RAPD技术分析了江苏徐州和河北平山两地混生的中华稻蝗（Oxya chinensis）和日本稻蝗(O.japonica) 的群体遗传关系。用10条随机引物从43头个体中产生125条清晰、稳定的谱带， 其多态性条带占99%。 Shannon信息指数表明，中华稻蝗遗传多样性高于日本稻蝗，分别为0.3432和0.2781。Nei's遗传距离显示：种群间遗传距离明显小于种间遗传距离；同一采集地点混居的中华稻蝗与日本稻蝗之间的遗传距离小于地理上存在较大跨度的两物种间的遗传距离，如：江苏徐州中华稻蝗和日本稻蝗之间的遗传距离为0.2411，河北平山中华稻蝗和日本稻蝗的遗传距离为0.2578，而江苏徐州中华稻蝗和河北平山日本稻蝗之间的遗传距离为0.2749，江苏徐州日本稻蝗和河北平山中华稻蝗之间的遗传距离为0.2982。基于Nei's遗传距离，分别用UPGMA和NJ法构建分子系统树，结果供试的43个个体分为两大聚类簇，江苏徐州和河北平山两地的中华稻蝗聚为一支，日本稻蝗聚为另一支。上述结果表明，RAPD分析方法可显示个体间的多态性，反映个体或物种间的细微差异，是区分近缘物种的有效分子标记。

Analysis on Genetic Relationship of Oxya chinensis and O. japonica from Xuzhou and Pingshan

Genetic Relationships among Oxya chinensis and O. japonica populations collected from Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province and Pingshan County , Hebei Province were analyzed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. 125 clear and stable bands of 43 grasshopper individuals with molecular weight ranging from 200 to 2 200 bps revealed on the electropherogram amplified by 10 random primers,and 123 (99%) of this bands were polymorphic, Shannon 's index showed that the genetic diversity within O. chinensis(0.3432) was more higher than that of O. japonica (0.2781 ). Nei's genetic distance of O. chinensis and O. japonica from same area was less than that from two far apart areas. The dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance of RAPD markers was constructed with UPGMA and Neighbor-Joining methods. Cluster analysis indicated that all the individuals were grouped into two main clusters,namely, O. chinensis from Xuzhou and Pingshan has been clustered into one cluster,while O. japonica from the two regions belonged to the other cluster. The results showed that RAPD can provide polymorphisms even at slight difference leval among individuals, indicated that RAPD is an effective molecular marker to distinguish the closed related species.