不同类型大豆主要农艺性状与小区产量的多元回归与通径分析

本文应用多元统计方法，对15份春大豆和14份夏大豆品种的主要农艺性状与产量进行了分析，结果表明：春大豆的单株粒数、百粒重和株高对产量的直接作用较大，在育种时可优先考虑；夏大豆的单株荚数、单株粒重对产量直接较大，单株粒数与单株产量存在着极显著的正相关，因此通过这3个性状进行选择效果较好。同时考虑到大豆各农艺性状之间存在着相互影响，在育种时应注意各性状之间的平衡。

Correlation analysis between major agronomic characters and yield per plot from different type soybean

Analysis was conducted on major agronomic characters and yield at 15 spring soybean varieties and 14 summer soybean varieties with multivariate statistic method.The results showed that Seeds per plant,100-seed weight and plant height of spring soybean were more important direct impact on yield,and three factors were considered first in breeding.Pods per plant and seed weight per plant of summer soybean were more important direct impact on yield and seeds per plant had extremely significantly positive relation with yield per plant.So selective effect based on three characters was finer.The breeding should pay attention to the balance between the various characters,we should think about the various agronomic characters of soybean exists the mutual influence at each other at the same time.