北方粳稻不同品种产量及其与穗部性状相关性研究

研究北方超级稻沈农265和沈农6014的产量及其与穗部性状相关性的结果表明,沈农265和沈农6014产量水平较高.其中沈农265比对照品种辽粳294和辽粳371分别增产7.96%和14.16%,与二者的产量差异均达到了显著水平;沈农6014比对照品种辽粳294和辽粳371分别增产9.50%和15.80%,与它们的产量差异也达到了显著水平.虽然沈农265和沈农6014的千粒重和穗数较低,但可以通过保证较高的每穗粒数来获得高产.结实率与一次枝梗数、一次枝梗粒数、一次枝梗结实率、一次枝梗着粒密度、二次枝梗结实率、二次枝梗着粒密度呈显著或极显著的正相关.产量与着粒密度呈显著的正相关,而结实率与着粒密度的相关性不显著,表明遗传改良已经克服了着粒密度对结实性的不利影响,提高千粒重是超高产品种进一步高产的重要途径.

Grain Yield and Relationships between Grain Yield and Panicle Characters of Japonica Rice in the North of China

Grain yield and panicle characters of super rice vaileties"Shennong265"and"Shennong6014"were studied by using"Liaojing294"and"Liaojingr371"as checks.The results revealed that Shennong265 and Shennong6014 had a higher grain yield than the other two varieties.The grain yield of Shennong265 increased 7.96% and 14.16%than Liaojing294 and Liaojing371,respectively.The grain yield of Shennong6014 increased 9.50% and 15.8%than the other two,respectively.Although the 1000-grain weight(GW)and spikelets per panicles(SPP)of Shennong265 and Shennong6014 were lower than those of the check varieties,they reached high yield possibly through more grain number per spikelets.The seed setting rate(SSR)was significantly and positively correlated with the primary branches(PB),grains on PB(GPB),seed setting rate of PB(SSRPB),spikelets density ofPB(SDPB),seed setting rate of secondary branches(SSRSB),spikelets density of secondary branches(SDSB)etc.The spikelets density(SD)had significant positive correlation with grain yield,but had not with SSR,suggesting that genetic improvement had solved disadvantages of SD on SSR.Higher GW is a very important way for development of super high yield varieties.