中国稻瘟病菌种群分布及优势生理小种的研究进展

 着重概述了中国主要水稻产区稻瘟病菌的种群分布与生理小种的组成状况。目前东北稻区稻瘟菌主要种群为ZF、ZD、ZE和ZA，出现频率分别达到23.2%、22.2%、15.6%、12.3%。西南稻区以强致病力菌株ZA和ZB为主，四川省内ZB种群频率高达53%，ZA为22.3%；贵州省的优势种群为ZB、ZA和ZG，出现频率分别为41.4%、18.5%和10.7%。华南稻区主要种群为ZB和ZC，出现频率分别为28.0%和37.0%。华北稻区以致病力较弱的ZE、ZF和ZG群体为主，出现频率分别达到21.5%、22.1%和44.3%。华东稻区主要种群为ZB、ZG、ZC和ZA，出现频率分别为43.3%、25.0%、13.9%和123%。华中稻区主要是ZA、ZB、ZE和ZC，出现频率分别为34.9%、28.8%、21.4%和14.1%。西北地区水稻种植较少，但以致病力强的ZA和ZB群为优势种群。

Research Progress on Populations and Physiological Race Distribution of Rice Blast Pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea) in China

Magnaporthe grisea population distribution and the physiological race composition in major rice growing regions in China are summarized. Physiological races of M. grisea ZF, ZD, ZE and ZA were the dominant populations in Northeast China rice growing regions, with the occurring frequencies of 23.2%, 22.2%, 15.6% and 12.3%, respectively. High pathogenicity virulent populations of ZA and ZB are the major strains in Southwest China rice producing regions, the occurrence frequency of ZB and ZA reached 53% and 22.3% in Sichuan Province. In Guizhou Province, the races of ZB, ZA and ZG were the dominant populations with occurrence frequency of 41.4%, 18.5% and 10.7%, respectively. ZB and ZC were the major populations in south China’s rice growing areas with the occurrence frequency 28.0% and 37.0%. Weak virulence races of ZE, ZF and ZG were the major populations in North China rice growing regions with the occurrence frequency of 21.5%, 22.1% and 44.3%. Races of ZB, ZG, ZC and ZA were the dominant populations in East China rice planting areas with the occurrence frequency of 43.3%, 25.0%, 13.9% and 12.3%, respectively. The major populations in central China were ZA, ZB, ZE and ZC，with the occurrence frequency of 34.9%, 288%, 21.4% and 14.1%, respectively. Few rice were planted in northwest China, however, the strong pathogenicity races of ZA and ZB were dominant populations.