灌区向城市引水工程的优化设计

已建大型灌区向城市引水是供水对象扩展问题,也是一个关系到区域社会、经济及生态等方面的多目标复杂系统优化问题。运用系统科学原理和方法,根据灌区供水结构调整的需要,基于系统仿真技术建立了灌区供水系统的多目标模拟模型,采用改进层次分析法将多目标问题转化为单目标函数,并提出试验遗传算法对该系统的设计参数和引水运行参数进行优化设计。通过某实际灌区的优化设计表明,该模型可以在保证城市需水要求的同时减小城市引水对农业灌溉的影响,从而提高灌区水资源的利用率,进一步发挥灌区水资源应有的经济效益和社会效益。

Study on the Optimal Designs for Water-delivering Engineering from Irrigation District to City

Delivering water from large-scale irrigation district to city is a problem of the extension of water-supply objects,and is also an optimization problem about multi-object complex system,which are involved with social,economical and ecological aspects of a region.This paper,based on the principles and methodologies of system science,makes a simulative model of an irrigation district by the technology of system simulation,with the consideration on the needs of the water-supply-structure variation.The multi-objects model,applied improved AHP method,is turned into a single object one,and a so called IGA algorithm is used to achieve the optimization of the design parameters and operation rules of the engineering.An example was given to show that,with the optimal designs for the water-delivering engineering in a certain irrigation district,the water demands of the city could mostly be fulfilled while the affects on agriculture irrigation decreasing.So the social and economical benefits of water resources,with the usage efficiency being improved,could be achieved as it should be.