土壤管理措施对坡耕地侵蚀退化耕层的恢复作用

[目的]紫色土坡耕地土壤侵蚀严重,研究土壤管理措施对不同侵蚀程度坡耕地耕层侵蚀恢复作用,为紫色土坡耕地耕层质量调控和坡耕地持续利用提供理论及实践依据.[方法]采用单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)检验各指标的差异显著性,研究不施肥(CK)、施化肥(F)、施生物炭+化肥(BF)3种土壤管理措施对侵蚀0 cm(S...

Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Restoration of Eroded and Degraded Cultivated-Layer in Slope Farmland

【Objective】The soil erosion of purple soil slope farmland is serious. The study on the effects of soil management measures on the restoration of soil erosion of different erosion degree of cultivated-layer in slope farmland could provide a theoretical and practical basis for the quality control and sustainable utilization of purple soil slope farmland. 【Method】One way ANOVA was used to test the significance of the differences of each index, and the effects of soil management measures on the restoration of soil properties in the cultivated-layer of slope farmland with five degrees of erosion was studied. 【Result】(1) With the increase of erosion degree, the content of sand increased from 38.1%-42.4% to 44.2%-46.4%, while the content of clay decreased from 12.6%-14.8% to 9.6%-11.0%. Compared with S_-0, S_-5 and S_-10, soil bulk density of S_-15 and S_-20 increased significantly. Under the S_-10 erosion degree, the total porosity and capillary porosity decreased the most, and the shear strength of soil was the largest, between 8.71 and 9.56 kg·cm^-2. Under the treatments of F and BF, the stable infiltration rate and average infiltration rate of S_-15 erosion degree soil decreased the most. (2) There was significant difference in soil properties of cultivated-layer under different management measures. The soil bulk density of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers under fertilization treatments was significantly lower than that under CK (P<0.05), and the soil total porosity and capillary porosity were significantly higher than that under CK and F. Under BF treatment, the initial infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate and average infiltration rate were the largest, while those under CK treatment are the smallest. Compared with CK treatment, the shear strength of BF treatment increased significantly. (3) With the increase of erosion degree, K value of soil erodibility decreased significantly. Compared with S_-0, K value of soil erodibility was decreased by 0.1960%-0.2192% under S_-20 erosion degree. Under BF treatment, K value of soil erodibility was the highest, followed by F treatment, and CK was the lowest. Compared with CK, the increase of F and BF in S_-10 was the largest, with an increase of 0.0684% and 0.1404%, respectively. 【Conclusion】The application of biochar and chemical fertilizer was more effective than that of chemical fertilizer alone in improving soil material composition, structural characteristics and soil water storage and permeability. Applying biochar and chemical fertilizer could effectively reduce the soil erosion in the cultivated-layer of purple soil slope farmland, and the effects of soil improvement in the cultivated-layer (0-20 cm) of 10 cm slope was the best.