微生物发酵饲料对乐至黑山羊生产性能、养分消化率与血液生化指标的影响

为了研究微生物发酵饲料对山羊生产性能、养分消化率和血液生化指标的影响，选择体重为11.60±2.45 kg的乐至黑山羊断奶羔羊，采用随机区组试验设计，按体重大小，将其分为4个区组，每个区组24头，随机地分到3个处理组（1个对照组和2个试验组），每个处理8个重复，每个重复4头羊；对照组精料为场里原有精料（基础精料），试验Ⅰ组精料为50%基础精料+50%微生物发酵饲料，试验Ⅱ组精料为100%发酵饲料，粗料为青贮玉米秸和油菜颖壳，各组相同。结果发现：与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组提高日增重1265%（P＜0.05）；试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组日粮干物质、粗蛋白、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的消化率均高于对照组（P＜0.05），降低血清尿素氮含量（P＜0.05）和发病率（P＜0.01）；各组血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶含量差异不显著（P>0.05）；试验Ⅰ组的经济效益比对照组高4472%，而试验Ⅱ组的采食量、日增重和经济效益低于对照组。说明山羊精料中添加50%的微生物发酵饲料，可提高山羊日增重和养分消化率，增强抗病能力；提高经济效益，具有推广应用价值。

Effects of Fermented Feed on Production Performance,Digestibility of Dietary Nutrients,Blood Biochemical Indices in Goat

In order to investigate the effect of fermented feed on goat production performance, nutrient digestion rate and blood biochemical parameters, 96 weaned Lezhi black lambs, weighted 11.60±2.45 kg, were divided into 4 blocks by the random block experiment design. Each block was randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups: control group (100% basic concentrate), treatmentⅠ(50% basic concentrate +50% fermented feed) and treatmentⅡ(100% fermented feed). The results showed that the average daily gain in treatmentⅠ was 12.65% higher than the control group（P＜0.05）; the digestion of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in treatmentⅠandⅡ were both higher than the control group（P<0.05）, while the serum urea nitrogen content （P<0.05）and disease rate （P<0.01）were lower than the control group. The contents of serum total protein and albumin, the activities of alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase had no significant difference in each group（P>0.05）. The economic benefit in treatmentⅠ was 44.72%, higher than the control group; but the feed intake, average daily gain and economic benefit in treatment Ⅱ was lower than the control group. In conclusion, adding 50% fermented feed in goat concentrate feed can improve the average daily gain, nutrient digestion rate, and disease resistance ability and economic benefit in goat. So, the fermented feed has popularization and application value.