Use of Triticum tauschii to improve yield of wheat in low-yielding environments |
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Authors: | N.N. Gororo H.A. Eagles R.F. Eastwood M.E. Nicolas R.G. Flood |
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Affiliation: | (1) Joint Centre for Crop Improvement, Institute of Land and Food Resources, The University of Melbourne, Private Bag 260, Horsham, Vic, 3401;(2) Victorian Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Private Bag 260, Horsham, Vic, 3401;(3) CRC for Molecular Plant Breeding, Victorian Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Private Bag 260, Horsham, Vic, 3401 |
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Abstract: | Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. is an ancestor of bread wheat (T. aestivum). This species has been widely used as a source ofsimply-inherited traits, but there are few reports of yield increases due tointrogression of genes from this species. Selections from F2-derivedlines of backcross derivatives of synthetic hexaploid wheats (T.turgidum / T. tauschii) were evaluated for grain yield in diverseenvironments in southern Australia. Re-selections were made in theF6 generation and evaluated for grain yield, yield componentsincluding grain weight, and grain growth characters in diverse environmentsin southern Australia and north-western Mexico. Re-selection was effectivein identifying lines which were higher yielding than the recurrent parent,except in full-irrigation environments. Grain yields of the selectedderivatives were highest relative to the recurrent parent in thelowest-yielding environments, which experienced terminal moisture deficitand heat stress during grain filling. The yield advantage of the derivativesin these environments was not due to a change in anthesis date orgrain-filling duration, but was manifest as increased rates of grain-filling andlarger grains, indicating that T. tauschii has outstanding potential forimproving wheat for low-yielding, drought-stressed environments. |
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Keywords: | drought grain-filling synthetic hexaploids Triticum tauschii T. turgidum wheat yield |
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