小麦高产品种光合产物积累与分析及其籽粒灌浆特性研究

对黄淮麦区几个高产小麦品种光合产物的积累与分配及其籽粒灌浆特性进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,供试品种生物干重积累的动态呈“S”型曲线 ,苗期增长缓慢且冬性品种积累量相对较小 ,春性品种积累量较大 ,3月中下旬积累迅速增加 ,峰值在 6月上旬 ;花后光合产物是籽粒产量的主要来源 ,花后光合产物的积累对籽粒产量的贡献至少达 6 0 % ,最高可达 88% ;籽粒灌浆的基本特征表现为 ,第 1和第 3阶段灌浆速率基本相当 ,第 2阶段是第1阶段灌浆速率的 2 .7倍。因此 ,花前生物学产量较高 ,花后籽粒第 2阶段灌浆速率较快是实现小麦育种粒大粒饱的重要途径

Studies on the accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic matter and character of grain-filling in high-yield wheat varieties

The study of the characteristics in photosynthate accumulation and distribution as well as the kernel filings of several wheat varieties planted in Huanghuai wheat region shows that dry biomass accumulation of the wheat varieties under experimentation show S shaped curves with a slow increase during the seedling stage,the photosynthate amount accumulated of winter wheat varieties is relatively low,and the photosynthate amount accumulated of spring wheat varieties is relatively high.The photosynthate accumulation begins to speed up during the middle and late ten days of March with the peak value appearing in the early ten days of June.The photosythate formed after flowering is the major source of kernel yield with a contribution percentage of at least 60%,even as high as 88%;the basic characteristics that the kernel fillings present are that the kernel filling rate is approximately the same during the first and third kernel filling stages and the kernel filling rate during the second kernel filling stage is 2.7 times as much as that during the second kernel filling stage.Therefore,higher biomass before flowering and quicker kernel filling after flowering are the important approach to form the kernels with big size and good plumpness.