川中丘区不同玉米品种春、夏播茎秆抗倒特性研究

为了明确川中丘区玉米的茎秆特性与抗倒能力及其产量的差异,鉴选抗倒伏与耐夏播能力强的品种,以四川省生产上推广面积较大的10个玉米品种为材料,设置春、夏播2个播期,比较研究了吐丝后7 d茎秆的形态特征、基部节间的机械强度与倒伏发生情况及产量构成。结果表明,夏播较春播更易发生倒伏;不同品种的茎秆特征、基部节间的机械强度以及籽粒的产量均存在明显差异,而且受播期的影响较大。夏播与春播相比,植株的株高和穗位变高,基部节间变长变细,压碎强度和折断强度下降,抗倒伏能力减弱,产量也降低,但这种变化的幅度在品种间存在较大差异。成单30是一个较好的夏播品种,抗倒能力强,产量也较高;而正红505耐夏播能力相对较弱,但春播抗倒伏能力较强,可作为春播品种进行大面积种植。

Study on Stalk Lodging Resistant of Different Maize Varieties in Spring and Summer

In order to clarify the characteristics of corn stalk differences in the Hilly Region of Sichuan Province and the ability of lodging and yield,screening maize variety with lodging resistance and summer sowing resistant.In this experiment,ten maize varieties with larger area in Sichuan Province were used as the materials in spring and summer sowing dates.And compared the stalk morphological characteristics,mechanical strength,lodging resistance of basal internodes and consist of yield in 7-days after silking.The results showed that the lodging was easier in summer.There were significant difference in morphological characteristic,mechanical strength of basal internode and grain yield of different varieties,all affected by sowing date.Compared with spring sowing,summer maize plant and ear height become higher,basal internode length decreased thinner,crushing strength and breaking strength weakened, lodging resistance and yield also decreased,but there was a big difference in the magnitude of this variation between varieties.CD30 was a good summer sowing varieties,lodging resistant ability was strong,high yield of summer sowing;However,ZH505 resistant ability was relatively weak,but high yield and strong lodging resistance of spring maize could be used as a variety of planting.