13个燕麦品种在川西北高原生产性能及抗锈病能力比较

通过随机区组试验,对13个燕麦(Avena sativa)品种的根、茎、叶构件性状进行测定,分析品种间株丛密度、鲜草产量及茎叶比等生产性能差异,同时对抗锈病能力进行品比。结果表明,113个品种间株高、茎粗,叶片数、叶长、叶宽、叶厚、根粗、根长、根体积等构件性状存在显著差异。2鲜草产量、密度和茎叶比等生产性能指标有极显著差异,青引1号鲜草产量达55 215.93 kg/hm~2,林纳仅为26 075.56 kg/hm~2;阿坝密度达1 385.19枝/m~2,青海甜仅625.93枝/m~2;阿坝茎叶比6.35,林纳仅1.15。313个品种锈病感病率均为100%,感病级都大于3级,7个品种抗性为中感(MS),2个品种为感病(S),4个品种为高感(HS)。4相关分析表明,株高与茎叶比、密度呈显著正相关(P0.05),与基径、叶片数、叶宽呈显著负相关(P0.05),而鲜草产量和抗锈病能力与构件性状、株丛密度无相关性。5聚类分析把13个品种分为5类,生产时要依据草地建设(如青引1号和陇燕1号)、天然草地改良(如阿坝和青引2号)或生态治理(如林纳)等生产目的,选择相应类型的燕麦品种。

Comparison about Probuction Performance anb Rust-resistant Ability of 13 Kinbs of Avena sativa Varieties in the Northwest Plateau of Sichuan

13 kinds of Avena sativa varieties were sown according to the random block experiment in the northwest plateau of Sichuan. Some component (root,stem and leaf) characters were measured. The difference of production performance and rust-resistant among different varieties wrer analyzed. The results showed that: ①Component characters,including plant height, stem diameter,leaf number,leaf length,leaf width, leaf thickness,root diameter,root length,root volume,etc. existed significant difference among 13 oat varieties. ②Production performance indicators,including fresh grass yield,branch density and the ratio of stem to leaf,all showed high significant difference. For fresh grass yield,Qingyin No.1 variety reaches the maximum,with the value of 55215.93 kg/hm2, yet the minimum was LeNa variety,only 26075.56 kg/hm2. For the branch density,Aba variety was up to 1385.19 branch/m2,but Qinghai sweet variety was only 625.93 branch/m2. For the ratio of stem to leaf,Aba variety also was the maximum,with the value of 6.35,yet LeNa variety was only 1.15. ③All tested varieties infect rust with the sus-ceptible level more than 3. Among those varieties,there were 7 varieties as MS type,2 varieties as S-type and 4 varieties as HS type.④Correlation analysis showed that plant height had a significant positive correlation with branch density and the ratio of stem to leaf(P<0.05),and a significant negative correlation with basal stem diameter, leaf number and leaf width(P<0.05). While the fresh grass yield and anti-rust ability both were not relevant to component characters and branch density. ⑤Cluster analysis divided 13 kinds of A. sativa varieties into five categories. In practice,we should select the appropriate A. sativa va-rieties based on production purpose, example for Qingyin No.1 and Longyan No.1 for artificial grassland construction,Aba and Qingying No.2 for natural grassland improvement and LeNa for ecological management.