三岛柴胡田间昆虫群落结构与时序动态

2014—2015年对河北省博野县三岛柴胡田昆虫群落组成和结构进行了系统调查,采用群落特征指数对不同年份三岛柴胡田昆虫群落特征及稳定性进行了研究。结果表明:2年共采集样本27 577个,隶属12目50科72种;害虫优势种为法氏柴胡宽蛾、蓟马类、蚜虫类,天敌优势种为草蛉类、异色瓢虫及多种寄生蜂,寄生蜂对法氏柴胡宽蛾后期发生控制作用明显;生长季节中昆虫群落丰富度逐渐增加,多样性指数、均匀度随着时间总体表现为低-高-低的变化趋势,集中性指数变化与之相反,年度间有一定差异。三岛柴胡田昆虫群落物种丰富,结构稳定。该研究结果对三岛柴胡害虫的生态防治具有重要的指导意义。

The structures and seasonal dynamics of insect communities in field of Bupleurum falcatum L.

The composition and structure of insect community were investigated systematically in field of Bupleurum falcatum L.during 2014-2015 in Baoding.The characteristics and stability of insect community were studied by using community character indices in different years.The results showed that 27577 samples were collected in the two years,belonging to 12 orders,50 families and 72 species.The dominant species of the pest were Depressaria falkovitshi,Thrips sp.,Aphid sp.and the dominant species of the natural enemies were Chrysops sp.,Harmonia axyridis and various parasitoids.There were obvious following phenomenons between the natural enemy insects and pest insects.The control effect of parasitoid was obvious against B.falcatum L.at the later stage.In the growing season,the insect community richness increased gradually,and the diversity index and evenness index displayed the trends of low-high-low.However,the change in concentration index was contrary to that of diversity and evenness index.There were some differences in community character indices between 2014 and 2015.The insects of B.falcatum L.had abundant community species and stable structure.The results had an important guiding significance to ecological control of pest insects in the field of B.falcatum L.