不同栽培模式下水稻各生育期光合生理指标的比较研究

为明确膜下滴灌与常规水作栽培的光合生理差异。通过对膜下滴灌和淹灌2种栽培模式下,4个水稻品系(T-04、T-43、T-66、T-69)在分蘖、孕穗、抽穗、乳熟、蜡熟期倒一叶的光合色素含量、光合-叶绿素荧光参数、抗氧化酶活性以及渗透调节物质含量等光合生理指标的测定分析。结果表明:滴灌模式下,4个参试材料在5个关键生育期的蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、光合速率(Pn)均低于淹灌,胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)总体上略低于淹灌,大部分时期差异不显著(P0.05);叶绿素荧光参数、光系统Ⅱ有效量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、最大荧光(Fm)、暗适应光系统Ⅱ最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)总体上低于淹灌,大部分时期差异不显著,最小荧光(Fo)高于淹灌,荧光淬灭系数(q P、NPQ)在2种栽培模式下差异不大,叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性总体上低于淹灌,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在2种栽培模式下差异不显著,丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量总体上高于淹灌,可溶性蛋白(SP)含量总体上低于淹灌,可溶性糖(SS)含量差异不显著。水稻膜下滴灌栽培整个生育期均无水层覆盖,可能受到水分胁迫,导致其整个生育期大部分光合生理指标均低于淹灌。

Study on Photosynthetic Physiological Indexes at Different Periods of Rice under Different Cultivation Patterns

In order to illustrate the possible differences in photosynthetic physiology,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in response to drip irrigation under mulch film and continuous flooding,photosynthetic pigment contents,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,activities of protective enzymes,osmolyte contents of flag leaves at tillering stage,booting stage,heading stage,milky stage,dough stage under those two cultivation models of four rice lines named T-04,T-43,T-66 and T-69 were collected and analyzed,respectively.The results obtained were as follows:Chlorophyll and carotenoid content of all four accessions at five growth periods under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching reduced compared with continuous flooding,stomatal conductance(GS),transpiration rate (Tr),net photosynthetic rate (Pn) reduced compared with continuous flooding,CO2concentration(Ci) were lower than continuous flooding on the whole,most of differences were not significant;The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as φPSH,Fm,Fv/Fm were lower than continuous flooding on the whole,most of the differences were not significant,Fo higher than continuous flooding,the difference of qP and NPQ were not significantly,CAT activity,POD activity,SOD activity were difference not significantly.The content of MDA and Pro were higher than continuous flooding.Content of soluble protein was lower than continuous flooding,soluble sugar content was not difference significantly.Considering most of photosynthetic parameters in whole growth period of rice in responsive to drip irrigation under film which suffer from water stress were lower than that under flooding one.