地黄不同品种物质生产与养分吸收特性的研究

摘要：以8个地黄品种（2个栽培种、3个变异种，3个野生种）为研究对象，通过分析不同生育阶段地黄干物质生产和养分吸收特征，以期为合理施肥，制定地黄高产优质栽培技术提供依据。结果表明：不同地黄品种物质生长和养分吸收表现出较大差异，集中表现在栽培种显著高于野生种。在人工栽培过程中，形成100公斤地黄经济产量的氮磷钾养分需求量平均为2.10 kg (1.6~2.50)，0.48 kg (0.29~0.60) 和1.8 kg (1.41~2.16)。氮钾肥吸收高峰期出现在中期，生育后期养分吸收增加较中期有所减少，而磷素吸收高峰则一直延续到收获。依据上述结果，我们认为，必须降低地黄人工栽培过程中基施氮肥的比例，大量的氮肥应施在地黄快速生长期，适当的增加中后期磷钾，特别是钾肥使用有助于增加地黄的生长，提高地黄经济产量。

Characteristics of dry matter production and NPK absorption for different Rehmannia glutinosa cultivars

Characteristics of dry matter production and N, P, K absorption ofRehmannia glutinosa were studied to provide a properly fertilizer application for a better cultivar quality and yield. The great variation of dry matter production and N, P, K absorption was observed between cultivars. The rate of matter production and N, P, K absorption in the production of species was greater than these in wild species. Considering all production of species, average 2.10 kg N （1.6-2.50）, 0.48 kg P （0.29-0.60） and 1.8 kg K （1.41-2.16） were needed to produce 100 kg economical yield. The absorption peak of N, K was middle growth period, and the absorption peak of P would last out to harvest from the middle growth period. We concluded that more N fertilizer should be applied in the rapid growth period, not before planting, and add P, K fertilizer in the growth period was good to increase growth and economical yield within the artificial cultivation ofRehmannia glutinosa.