中国境内外来杂草的特点危害及其综合治理对策

中国有外来杂草23科、76属、108种。我国外来杂草的特点表现为来源广泛，以一年生种类为主，近年来入侵的种类较多。外来杂草入侵的原因主要与生境相似度、外来杂草的生态位宽度、繁殖能力以及遗传多样性的改变有关。外来杂草入侵已经对我国各种各样的生态系统和社会经济发展造成明显损害。针对我国外来杂草的危害现状，本文提出了有效治理外来杂草的策略。

Characteristics and Damages of Exotic Weeds in China and Controlling Strategies

To date, it has been discovered that there were 108 species of exotic weeds belonging to 23 families, 76 genera in China. The origins of exotic weeds in China are of diversity. Among the 108 exotic weeds, most are annual, and some perennial are vicious. The number of newly invading exotic species has quickly increased in recent years. The invading exotic weeds in China are mainly associated with the similarities between their original and the newly colonized areas, their high reproductive capacity and the changes of their genetic diversity. So far, the exotic weeds have caused obvious damages to various ecosystems and social and economic developments. In the present paper, the strategies of how to manage the exotic weeds effectively in China were proposed.