驱导组合槽辅助附种气吸式花生高速精量排种器研究

针对现有气吸式排种器在进行花生高速播种作业时重播、漏播现象严重等问题,设计了一款驱导组合槽辅助附种气吸式高速精量排种器,在设计排种盘时将搅种凹槽、取种槽口、吸种型孔组合设计构成组合槽,实现扰种、驱种、辅助附种作用,保证高速作业时的排种性能。通过理论建模分析验证了排种盘结构设计的合理性并初步完成了关键参数的确定,借助离散元仿真软件对种群运移情况受关键参数的影响规律进行了分析,并进行了二因素五水平二次正交旋转组合试验,对结构参数进一步优化;得出搅种凹槽、取种槽口尺寸及作业速度均会对排种性能造成显著影响,并得出最优排种器参数组合：搅种凹槽深度3 mm、基圆半径70 mm;取种槽口左右端面上沿距离24.0 mm、下沿距离19.1 mm、深度10.5 mm、排种盘外周到取种槽口后端面距离24.0 mm。在该参数组合下,当风压为-6 kPa、作业速度为6～12 km/h时,粒距合格指数不小于93.33%,重播指数不大于3.52%,漏播指数不大于4.02%,破损指数不大于0.32%,具有良好的作业性能。

Drive-guided Combination Slot-assisted Seed-attached Air-absorbing Peanut High-speed Precision Seed Meter

In view of the technical problems of low sowing quality caused by re-sowing and serious leakage of seeds when the existing air-absorbing seed meter was used for high speed sowing operation, a combination of repellent and guide slot auxiliary seed attachment air-absorbing peanut high-speed precision seed meter was designed. The design of the seed discharge performance under high-speed operation was carried out. The theoretical modeling analysis verified the rationality of structure design of the seed discharge disc and initially completed the determination of key parameters. In order to further optimize the size of seed churning recess and seed pick-up slot, the influence of key parameters on seed transport was analyzed with the help of discrete element simulation software, and a two-factor, five-level quadratic orthogonal rotational combination test and regression analysis were conducted to further optimize the structural parameters. The optimal combination of the following parameters was obtained: the depth of the seed churning recess was 3mm, the radius of base circle of churning recess was 70mm, the distance between left and right edges of seed picking slot was 24.0mm, the distance between lower edge of seed picking slot was 19.1mm, the depth of seed picking slot was 10.5mm, and the distance from outer circumference of seeding disc to rear end of seed picking slot was 24.0mm. When the wind pressure was -6kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 6~12km/h, the particle spacing qualification index was no less than 93.33%, the reseeding index was no more than 3.52%, the omission index was no more than 4.02% and the breakage index was no more than 0.32%, which had good operating performance.