高赖氨酸玉米近等基因系创建及胚乳质地变异研究

采用回交转育与分子标记相结合的手段,对育种上广泛运用的3个骨干自交系郑58、478和昌72进行改良,成功创建了高赖氨酸近等基因系。对回交转育成的高赖氨酸近等基因系QZ58、Q478和QC72进行表型分析和研究,结果表明,马齿型的郑58、478和硬粒型的昌72经过相同的转育手段转育成含有o2o2纯合基因型的近等基因系胚乳硬质度发生了很大的变异。从表型来看,QZ58和Q478家系仅有少数几种表现型,而QC72家系却出现了一系列的连续变异。3个骨干系转化前后容重差均值相差很少(郑58与QZ58差均值为107 g／L;478与Q478差均值为105g／L; 昌72与QC72差均值为102 g／L),但降低幅度有很大差异(郑58容重降低幅度为94-147 g／L;478为92-119g／L;昌 72为68-125 g／L),其中昌72的变幅最大。转化后近等基因系胚乳硬质度总体趋势为QC72>Q478>QZ58,与转化前一致。这说明o2基因对不同种质玉米胚乳硬质度降低的总体趋势一致,但效果具有明显差异。

Study How to Establish the Isogenic Lines and the Variations of Their Endosperm

This paper established QZ58 and Q478 and QC72 isogenic lines; which were from normal corn lines Zheng 58 and 478 and Chang 72. And analyzed the hardness of different endosperm types among QZ58 and Q478 and QC72 . The results showed that there were 6 different endosperm types among QC72 isogenic line and only 3 endosperm types among QZ58 and 478 isogenic lines . The hardness QC72 appears a series of continuous variations. The current of the remainder of litter weight is QC72 > Q478 > QZ58. The higher is liter weight of recurrent parent, the higher is it of its genealogical line . So it is important to chose a hard endosperm line as recurrent parent when corn breeding in Quality Protein Maize(QPM)