荔枝蝽蟓生物学特性及其防治初步研究

为了探求荔枝蝽蟓的综合防治方法,本文对荔枝蝽蟓的生物学特性(田間迁移习性和大发生因子)、药剂防治与生物防治配合的可能性,进行了初步研究。荔枝蝽蟓在广州地区年发生一代,卵期在3月上、中旬开始、盛期在3月下旬至5月中旬,以后渐少,8月底結束。职成虫越冬,越冬場所除荔枝树外,尚有龙跟树、烏欖树、黄皮树、芒果树、鴨脚木、蔭香树等。荔枝蝽蟓的成虫、若虫和卵,以多花果树上发生較多。荔枝蝽蟓的大发生,与当年花果树多少有密切关系,卵寄生蜂和鳥类也有一定抑制作用。荔枝蝽蟓的防治:收果后期噴射敌百虫(1:800倍浓度)对成、若虫都有更好防治作用;用蝽卵跳小蜂、黄腹卵蜂防治亦有一定效果。如两者结合施用,配合恰当,可減少用药次数,保持卵寄生蜂群落,从而收更全面防治效果。

A PRELIMINORY STUDY OF THE BIOLOGY OF LICHEE STINK BUG,TESSARATOMA PAPILLOSA DRURY,AND ITS CONTROL

In Conton district the Lichee stink bug has one generation per year. It overwinters as adults and the hibernating individuals were found aside from Liche chinensis Sonn., on the Euphorbia longan Steud., Canarium pimela. Koenig. Schefflera octophylla Harms, Cinamomum burmanni Bl. etc. The hibernating adults began to coviposite in the upper half of March with a peak at the end of March to the middle of May. Since then, the eggs gradually decreased in number and brought to a conclusion at the end of August. The adults, eggs and nymphs were found to be most abundant on the Lichee trees with more flowers and young fruits. The sap of Lichee twig with flowers and young fruits is necessary nutrient for the oviposition of adults in spring and for the growth of newly-hatched nymphs. If the flowers and young fruits happened to be abundant in one year the outbreak of stink bug may occur. The hymenopterous parasites of egg as well as birds act as effective agents for the natural control of the stink bug. A spray of dipterax at the concentration 1:800 after harvest gives promising effects on newly-emerged adults and newly-hatched nymphs. Satisfactory results are also obtained by the utilization of hymenopterous parasiters, Ooencyrtus corbetti F. and O. malayensis F.. The integrated control by the application of chemical and biological controls would be a more economical and more effective measure for sting bug eradication.