盾壳霉固态发酵基质筛选和发酵条件优化

为了探索盾壳霉固体发酵的条件，提高其生防效果，比较了6种天然培养基对盾壳霉固体发酵的影响，测定了在不同发酵培养基、温度、初始湿度、接种比例条件下盾壳霉的产孢量。结果表明：盾壳霉在麦粒和谷粒培养基上产孢量最大；而在麸皮和棉籽培养基上生长和产孢也较好，且成本低，成为后续试验的发酵材料。在含麦麸、棉籽壳及无机盐的培养料作为基质时，采用温度为20℃，发酵料初始湿度为60%，接种比例为7%，最终孢子含量可达109个/g以上。同时对发酵的条件做了进一步优化，发现麦粒与谷粒的混合比例、光照条件、甘露糖和甘氨酸含量对盾壳霉产孢量的影响较大。

Selection of Solid-state Fermentation Substrates and Optimization of the Fermentation Condition of Coniothyrium Minitans

In order to study solid fermentation conditions in Coniothyrium minitans and improve its biocontroleffect, the effect of six natural substrates on solid-state fermentation in C. minitans was compared. Spore of C minitans was tested at different fermenting media, temperature, initial moisture and inoculation rate. The results showed that, spore was most in wheat grain and corn grain media and better in wheat bran and cotton seed hulls media. Being cheaper, wheat bran and cotton seed hulls acted as fermentation materials of following test. When substrates contained wheat bran, cotton seed and inorganic salt, the temperature was 20℃, initial moisture of fermentation substrates was 60%, inoculation rate was 7%, spore could reach 1 × 10^9 conidia/g at last. Fermenting conditions were further optimized. It showed that rate of wheat grain and corn grain, light, contents of mannose and glycine obviously influenced spore.