中国大米国际竞争力研究 ——基于同印度、巴基斯坦、泰国和越南的比较分析

稻谷是中国主要的粮食生产作物，具有较强的创造经济效益的能力。从联合国粮农组织和世界贸易组织的相关数据上来看，中国大米产量与中国大米的出口量存在着明显的不对称。笔者从研究国际竞争力的显示性指标出发，选择了亚洲最大的5个大米出口国作为研究对象，运用了国际市场占有率、贸易竞争指数、显示性比较优势指数、进出口价格比4个指标对中国大米的国际竞争力作了实证分析。结果表明，中国大米与印度、巴基斯坦、泰国和越南4国相比，不具有国际竞争力优势。

The Research on the International Competitive Power of Chinese Rice——The Comparative Research with India, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam

Rice, which is the main crop supplying food stuff, has rather high economic value. However, from the relative data given by Food and Agriculture Organization and World Trade Organization, the Chinese production of rice is not in proportion to the exports of rice. The author, who bases on the research on the demonstrative indexes of international competitive power and chooses the five biggest rice export countries in Asia, demonstrates the international competitive power of Chinese rice by using the four indexes: the international market share rate, Normalized Trade Balance (NTB), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and price relations between export and import. The result shows that Chinese rice does not have the international competitive advantage, compared with India, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam.