宁夏中部干旱带压砂地耕作方式的生态功能

压砂地利用方式在宁夏已有近百年的历史,近几年在政府有效地组织和引导下得到了迅猛发展.压砂地利用方式经济效益显著,然而传统的利用方式随着利用年限的延伸会使砂地老化甚至逐渐失去压砂地的生态功能,对农田生态系统产生不利影响.通过深入分析砂田对农田蓄水能力的影响,砂田减少土壤蒸发量的作用,砂田的增温和减尘效果,砂田的抑盐作用,砂田对生态恢复的影响等生态功能及不同利用年限砂田水分,养分变化规律.提出了必须重视砂田生态系统的养分管理,创造条件改善砂田生态系统的水分循环,注重砂田微生态系统环境的改善,加快砂田传统耕作方式的现代化改造等加强砂田生态系统管理的措施及建议.

Impacts of Farming Manners in Gravel Land to Agro2ecosystem in the Middle Arid Zone of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Gravel land utilization in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has nearly a hundred year of history. In recent years, it is rapidly developed under the effective organization and guidance of the government . Such manner not only has significant economic benefits, but also has the ecological functions of water collection, moisture maintenance, warming, reducing dust, and controlling salt . Along with many years of farming, the traditional farming manner may cause land aging, even loss of the ecological functions of mulching land, which has a negative impact on local agro-ecosystem. The paper analyzes the land aging mechanisms based on the ecological function of the gravel land and gives some suggestions on strengt hening the management of gravel land ecosystem.