东北山地沼泽湿地植物的多样性

以小兴安岭北部公别拉河流域原生沼泽湿地为研究对象,对不同群落类型进行了植物多样性分析,结果表明:乔木群落多样性指数——白桦—乌拉苔草群丛>白桦—柴桦—修氏苔草群丛;灌木群落多样性——柴桦—五蕊柳—沼泽皱蒴藓群丛>细叶沼柳—五蕊柳—修氏苔草群丛>柴桦—乌拉苔草群丛;草本群落的多样性指数——篷子菜拉拉藤—修氏苔草群丛>小白花地榆—丛苔草群丛>大叶樟—修氏苔草群丛>小白花地榆—修氏苔草群丛。篷子菜拉拉藤—修氏苔草群丛和柴桦—五蕊柳—沼泽皱蒴藓群丛的Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、Simpson指数(D)和Pielou的均匀度指数(Jsi)较高,而白桦—柴桦—修氏苔草群丛和柴桦—乌拉苔草群丛多样性指数较低。

Plant-diversity of Primordial Wetland in Hilly Region in Northeast China

A primordial wetland of Gongbiela River in the north Xiaoxing'an Mountain was chosen as a case study on plant biodiversity analysis of different types of communities.Results indicate that the biodiversity index of tree community is Betula platyphylla-Carex meyeriana> Betula platyphylla-Betula fruticosa-Carex schmidtii;that of shrub community is Betula fruticosa-Salix pentandra-Aulacomnicum palustre> Salix rosmarinifolia-Salix pentandra-Carex schmidtii > Betula fruticosa-Carex meyeriana,and that of herbage is Galium verum-Carex schmidtii > Sanguisorba parviflora(Maxim.)-Carex caespitosa>Calamagrostis langsdorffii(Link)-Carex schmidtii> Sanguisorba parviflora(Maxim.)-Carex schmidtii.As a whole,the Shannon-Wiener index(H'),the Simpson index(D) and Pielou evenness index(Jsi) of Galium verum-Carex schmidtii and Betula fruticosa-Salix pentandra-Aulacomnicum palustre are higher,while the biodiversity indexes of Betula platyphylla-Betula fruticosa-Carex schmidtii and Betula fruticosa-Carex meyeriana are lower.