Reconstructing an ancient bottleneck of the movement of the lentil (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lens culinaris</Emphasis> ssp<Emphasis Type="Italic">. culinaris</Emphasis>) into South Asia |
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Authors: | W Erskine A Sarker M Ashraf |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture (CLIMA), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;(2) International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), NASC Complex, DPS Marg, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India;(3) Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), P.O. Box 128, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan |
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Abstract: | Crop movement often leads to genetic bottlenecks. The lentil was domesticated in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Dissemination
from highland Afghanistan into the Indo-Gangetic Plain, where it is of major importance today, caused a founder effect creating
a genetic bottleneck. To understand the process and assist breeders with broadening the consequent narrow genetic base, this
study re-constructs the founder effect by a re-examination of historical world germplasm evaluations at an intermediate elevation
site in Pakistan–Islamabad, and at a low elevation site—Faisalabad representative of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. At Islamabad
72% of landrace accessions of an Afghan origin did not flower and the remaining Afghan accessions were among the latest flowering
accessions in the world germplasm collection. At Faisalabad late flowering accessions produced low yields with each week’s
delay in flowering giving a yield loss of 9.2%. Prehistorically Afghan lentil germplasm probably harboured recessive alleles
for time to flower, possibly from introgression with wild lentil (Lens culinaris ssp. orientalis) in Afghanistan, which were then cyclically recombined and selected for as part of the dissemination process into the Indo-Gangetic
Plain. |
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