小麦花药液体漂浮离体培养体系的建立与应用

为了建立高效的小麦花药离体培养体系，对6个小麦品种（系）的5个花药离体培养性状进行了鉴定，并利用6种不同时间的低温预处理对两个小麦品种幼穗进行了处理效果的探讨。结果表明，6个品种（系）的出愈及绿苗分化能力均较强，愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率和绿苗产率分别达到116.48%、5.79%和10.25%以上，初步建立了小麦花药液体漂浮离体培养体系，其培养效果好于固体培养方式。6种不同时间的低温预处理培养结果表明，幼穗经4 ℃低温预处理后，愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率及绿苗产率与对照相比均表现下降的趋势，白苗分化率及白苗产率具有增加的趋势，说明未进行低温预处理的适期幼穗培养效果更好。

Establishment and Application of in vitro Suspension Culture Method for Wheat Anther

To establish a high-efficiency method for wheat anther culture by investigating the effect of in vitro suspension culture,five in vitro culture anther traits of six wheat genotypes were identified,and the effects of six cold pretreatments of different time applied on the young spikes of two spring wheat cultivars were discussed. It was shown that the frequency of callus induction,the frequency of green plantlet differentiation and yield of green plantlet reached up to 116.48%,5.79% and 10.25%,respectively,indicating the in vitro suspension culture method is feasible for wheat anther. In addition,cold pretreatment experiments showed that the frequency of callus induction,the frequency of green plantlet differentiation and yield of green plantlet of young spikes were decreased compared with those in control group(without cold pretreatment). Besides,the frequency of albino plantlet differentiation and yield of albino plantlet displayed an increase trend. These results suggested direct inoculation without cold pretreatment would be a better choice for young spike in vitro culture.