小麦分蘖成穗数相关分子标记在重组自交系（RIL）群体中的有效性验证及实用性评价

为了评价小麦分蘖成穗基因相关分子标记在育种中的实用性，利用多穗型小麦品种川农18和新品系T1208构建的重组自交系共计371个家系作为研究材料，通过对单位面积（m）最大分蘖数和单位面积（m）穗数的测定，并选择6个已发表的控制小麦分蘖成穗数的基因或QTL的相关分子标记（Xgwm264、Xbarc232、Xwmc169、Xwmc215、Xgwm437和Xcfd23）对群体进行PCR扩增，分析扩增产物与单位面积最大分蘖数和单位面积穗数的相关性。结果表明，在371份供试材料中，每平方米最大分蘖数的变化范围为254.00~700.67，变异系数为22.28%；每平方米穗数的变化范围为197.67~391.67，变异系数为14.12%；群体中存在明显的超亲分离现象，可作为西南麦区小麦优质育种的种质资源。分子标记检测结果与表型的相关性分析表明，分子标记Xbarc232不适合用于分蘖成穗数的筛选，分子标记Xwmc215、Xgwm437和Xcfd23仅可用于分蘖数的筛选，分子标记Xgwm264和Xwmc169可用于分蘖成穗数的筛选。

Evaluation and Validation of Molecular Markers Associated with Maximum Tiller Number and Spike Number Per Unit Area of Wheat in a RIL Population

To evaluate the practicability and validity of the molecular markers associated with tiller number and spike number in wheat,maximum tiller number per unit area(m) and spike number per unit area(m) were measured in a set of 371 recombinant inbred lines,derived from a cross between multi-spike wheat cultivar Chuannong 18 and new line T1208. Six molecular markers(Xgwm264,Xbarc232,Xwmc169,Xwmc215,Xgwm437 and Xcfd23) associated with tiller number and spike number,were applied to analyze the correlations between the PCR amplification patterns and the phenotypic values. The results showed that maximum tiller number per unit area ranged from 254.00 to 700.67 with the variable coefficient of 22.28%,and spike number per unit area ranged from 197.67 to 391.67 with the variable coefficient of 14.12%. The transgressive segregation were obvious in the RIL population,and the excellent lines can be used in wheat breeding programs in the southwest of China. The correlation analysis between the variations of PCR fragments of the six molecular markers and the phenotypic values indicated that molecular marker Xbarc232 was not suitable for screening tiller number and spike number. Molecular markers Xwmc215,Xgwm437 and Xcfd23 can be used for screening tiller number. Molecular markers Xgwm264 and Xwmc169 can be used for screening tiller number and spike number.