中国小麦的主要矮秆基因及矮源的研究

 本研究首次对我国小麦的主要矮秆资源进行了赤霉酸（GA#-3）反应鉴定，结果发现其中以不敏感型居多。通过系谱追踪、赤霉酸标记、测交与单体分析等综合技术，明确了我国小麦的矮源主要有4个：（1）Daruma，以水源86和农林10号为代表，具Rht#-1和Rht#-2两对GA反应不敏感矮秆基因，分别位于染色体4B和4D上。（2）Saitama27，以St2422/464为代表，具一对弱的GA不敏感矮秆基因Rht#-1s，位于染色体4B上。（3）辉县红和蚰包暂定为一类，具一对GA不敏感矮秆基因，位于染色体4D上。（4）赤小麦，以阿夫为代表，具Rht#-8和（或）Rht#-9一对或两对GA敏感的矮秆基因，位于染色体2D和（或）7B上。研究中还筛选与培育了一些矮化力强，落黄好的优异矮秆资源。

STUDIES OF MAIN DWARF GENES AND DWARF RESOURCES ON CHINESE WHEAT

It was the first time to do characterization of main dwarf resources with gibberellic acid reaction for Chinese wheat. The research reports that there are more non-allergic types than other types in dwarf wheat and has verified that there are four main kinds of dwarf resources in China by family analysis, marks of gibberellic acid reaction, backcross and monosomic analysis: (1) Fultz Daruma. The examples of this kind are Shui Yuan 86 and Nong Lin 10, which have two pairs of non-allergic dwarf genes (Rht_1 and Rht_2) on chromosomes 4B and 4D. (2) Saitama 27. St 2422/464 is an example of this kind, which has one pair of non-allergic dwarf gene (Rht_1s) on chromosome 4B. (3) Hui Xian Hong and You Bao (named temporarily). They have one pair of non-allergic dwarf gene on chromosome 4D. (4) Red wheat. The example is A Fu Funo, which has one pair or two pairs of allergic dwarf genes (Rht_8 and/or Rht_9) on chromosomes 2D and/ or 7B.