饲料中胆碱对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能、体成分和血清抗氧化机能的影响

为研究饲料中胆碱对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能、体成分以及血清抗氧化机能的影响，在基础饲料中分别添加0 (对照组)、700、1 400、2 100和2 800 mg/kg的氯化胆碱，配制成5组等氮等能的实验饲料(胆碱实测含量分别为2 369.57、2 716.90、2 993.49、3 443.60和3 799.05 mg/kg)，分别投喂初始体质量为(20.00±0.10) g的大口黑鲈幼鱼56 d。结果显示，实验鱼的增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)随着饲料中氯化胆碱添加量的提高呈先升后降的变化，在添加量为2 100 mg/kg的饲料组均达到最大值，显著高于对照组；饲料中添加氯化胆碱对实验鱼的存活率(SR)、肝体比(HSI)、脏体比(VSI)和肥满度(CF)无显著影响。当氯化胆碱添加量达到2 100 mg/kg饲料及以上时，鱼体肌肉和肝脏的粗脂肪含量均显著低于对照组。相比于对照组，添加1 400～2 800 mg/kg氯化胆碱组的鱼体血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高，血清中丙二醛(MDA)的含量显著降低；氯化胆碱添加量为2...

Effect of dietary choline level on growth performance, body composition and serum antioxidant activity of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary choline content on growth performance, body composition, and serum antioxidant activity of juvenile largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Graded choline chloride levels of 0 (control group), 700, 1 400, 2 100 and 2 800 mg/kg were supplemented to basal diet to formulate five isonitrogen and isoenergy practical diets containing choline of 2 369.57, 2 716.90, 2 993.49, 3 443.60 and 3 799.05 mg/kg, respectively. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate cages of 20 fish with an initial average weight of (20.00±0.10) g for 56 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of the fish first increased and then decreased with the increase of dietary choline chloride, and reached the maximum when the dietary supplementation was 2 100 mg/kg, which were significantly higher than those of the control group. The survival rate (SR), hepatopancreas somatic index (HSI), viscera somatic index (VSI), and condition factor (CF) of the fish were not significantly affected by dietary choline chloride supplementation. When the dietary choline chloride supplementation reached 2 100 mg/kg or above, the lipid contents in muscle and liver of the fish were significantly decreased than those in control. Compared with the control group, the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were significantly increased and the content of malondialdehyde in serum was significantly decreased in the groups which were supplemented with 1 400, 2 100 and 2 800 mg/kg choline chloride. The maximum of lysozyme activity and minimum of aspartate aminotransferase activity appeared in the group treated with dietary choline chloride of 2 100 mg/kg, which were significantly different from those of the control group. All these results indicated that the suitable dietary choline chloride supplementation could significantly improve growth performance, reduce liver fat content, and enhance the serum''s antioxidant capacity. Regression analysis showed that the recommended amount of choline chloride in the practical diet of juvenile largemouth bass was 2 008.50-2 398.16 mg/kg (the dietary choline content was 3 432.09-3 530.23 mg/kg).