星油藤不同病害对土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响

星油藤易发生根结线虫病害，为了解星油藤根结线虫病害与土壤理化性质及土壤酶存在的关系。本文以不同病害等级（0、1、3、5）星油藤土壤为研究对象，对比分析土壤理化性质、微量元素和蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶、脲酶等指标的变化及相关性。结果表明：随着星油藤病害等级（1、3、5）的增加，EC、TDS、Cu、Zn、Fe、NH4+和NO3-的含量呈上升趋势。同时，5级病害的土壤相关指标大于对照（未病害），而1、3级病害的土壤均小于对照组。此外，发生病害的土壤中，蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶活性随着星油藤病害等级增加先增加后降低，而磷酸酶随着星油藤病害等级增加逐渐增加。同时，过氧化氢酶与Mn、脲酶与P和NO3-存在显著相关关系（P<0.05）。阐明星油藤根结线虫病害与土壤理化性质及土壤酶的关系，为防止星油藤根结线虫病害的发生提供参考。

Effects of Plukenetia volubilis L. with Different Diseases on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities

Root-knot nematode disease is easy to occurs in Plukenetia volubilis L., in order to understand the relationship between root-knot nematode disease and soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzymes. In this paper, the soil physical and chemical properties, trace elements and sucrose enzyme, catalase, phosphatase and urease were compared and analyzed with different disease grades (0,1,3,5) of the soil. The results showed that the contents of EC, TDS, Cu, Zn, Fe, NH4+ and NO3- increased with the increase of disease grades (1,3,5). At the same time, the soil related indexes of grade 5 disease were higher than those of the control group (no disease), while the soil of grade 1 and 3 disease were lower than those of the control group. In addition, the activities of sucrase, catalase and urease first increased and then decreased with the increase of disease grade, while the activities of phosphatase gradually increased with the increase of disease grade. At the same time, catalase and Mn, urease and P and NO3- were significantly correlated (P < 0.05). This study explained the Plukenetia volubilis L. root-knot nematode disease relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzymes, and provides a reference for the prevention of it root-knot nematode disease.