长江垂钓渔业调查研究

为了解长江干流各江段在长江十年禁渔的新形势下垂钓渔业状况，2017—2018年对长江干流872位垂钓者进行了走访调查。结果表明，长江干流垂钓者以中老年人为主，钓具类型主要为手竿和海竿，占钓具总量的80%以上。在长江上游及三峡库区，垂钓者渔具年投入50%以上样本在500元以下；在长江中下游50%以上样本在1 000元以上。长江上游、三峡库区、长江中游和长江下游的垂钓者人数分别估算为2 344、4 764、4 600和6 649位，对应江段年垂钓量分别估算为45.0、294.7、171.1和478.7 t，年垂钓量占对应江段鱼类资源现存量比例分别为8.6%、2.0%、1.8%和3.6%；垂钓对长江上游渔业资源影响相对较大，需要密切关注。为引导垂钓渔业的健康、可持续发展，建议划定禁钓区、禁钓期，建立天然水域钓具、钓法的白名单制度，建立科学的管理体制，深入挖掘传统渔业文化资源、树立垂钓渔业品牌。

Investigations on sport angling in the Yangtze River

In the new situation of ten-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River, recreational fishing will become an important direction for the development of the Yangtze River fishery. In order to understand the current status of sport angling in the main stream of the Yangtze River, 872 anglers were interviewed from 2017 to 2018. The results showed that anglers of the Yangtze River mainstream were mainly middle-aged and elderly people. The main types of fishing tackle were hand rod and sea rod, accounting for more than 80% of the total fishing tackle. The anglers of the upper Yangtze river and the Three Gorges reservoir area, accounting for more than 50%, invested in fishing gear less than 500 yuan per annum. However, the anglers of more than 50%, in middle and lower Yangtze River, invested in fishing gear more than 1000 yuan per annum. The number of anglers in the upper Yangtze River, the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the middle Yangtze River and the lower Yangtze River were estimated to be 2 344, 4 764, 4 600 and 6 649, respectively. In addition, the annual fishing volume was respectively estimated to be 45.0 tons, 294.7 tons, 171.1 tons and 478.7 tons. The proportion of annual fishing amount in the current stock of fish resources was 8.6%, 2.0%, 1.8% and 3.6%, respectively. This indicates that fishing has a relatively large impact on fishery resources in the Upper Yangtze River, which need urgent attention attention. In order to guide the healthy and sustainable development of the fishing industry, it is suggested to delimit the no-fishing area and no-fishing period, establish a white-list system of fishing tackle and fishing method in natural waters, establish a scientific management system, further explore the traditional fishery cultural resources, and establish the fishing fishery brand.