管子的林业管理思想初探

管子是我国春秋时代着名的政治家和经济学家.其着作《管子》中含有丰富的林业政策和管理思想.他把林业看作治国的根本大计,物质财富的不尽来源,衡量国家贫富的重要标志,以及人类赖以生存的资源基础.为了保护森林、发展林业,他提出国君重视、专设机构、修火宪、以时禁发、国家控制、以租代税、发展林产品市场等一系列政策.同时,他还提出顺天时、务地宜、以树固堤、奖励林业科技等主张.

Primary Study on Forestry Administration Theory of Guanzi

Guanzi was a very famous statesman and economist of the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 B.C.) in China.The book named "Guanzi" contains many statements about forest policy and administration.It takes forestry as a basic measure to enrich the country,a source of material wealth,a mark to evaluate the economy of a country,and the foundation of human's life.In order to protect the forests and promote afforestations,he made a series of suggestions and policies,such as monarch paying attention,setting up organization,making fire law,cutting woods in proper season,control by the nation,rent instead of tax,developing market of forest products,etc.Mean while,he proposed that forest administration should conform to the time,follow the land and soil,and suggested planting trees to fix dikes,giving awards to the people who know management well of forests.The forest administration ideas of Guanzi is instructive for today's forestry.