银杏种核形状及其种仁成分的分析研究

根据银杏种核的形状将银杏雌株品种分为长子、佛指、马铃、梅核和圆子５种类型。测定分析结果表明，不同品种类型间的种核三维度，即长／宽、长／厚、宽／厚比具显著或极显著差异，其株间变异较小，种仁中氢氰酸含量与种核的宽／厚比呈极显著正相关；而不同品种类型间的单核重及种仁中与品质密切相关的干物质、支链淀粉、直链淀粉、淀粉、粗蛋白及可溶性糖含量差异不显著，但其株间变异较大，最大变异系数达到２４．７９％。

ANALYSIS AND STUDIES ON THE NUCLEUS SHAPE AND THE COMPOSITIONS IN ITS KERNEL FOR THE SEED OF GINKGO BILOBA

Based on the nucleus shapes, the female plants of Ginkgo biloba have been divided into five variety types, ie Changzi, Fozhi, Maling, Meihe and Yuanzi. The results of measurement and analysis indicated that the differences of threedimension of seed stone, ie the ratioes of the nucleus length to width, length to thickness and width to thickness, were significant or very significant among those variety types, but slight among the plants of each type The very significantly positive correlation existed between the hydrocyanic acid content in the kernel (y) and the nucleus ratio of width to thickness (x), which could be expressed as the regressive equation of =32458 13002x (r=05000*) Among five types, there were no any significant difference in the single stone weight, the content of dry matter, the amount of amylose, amylopectin, starch, rough protein and soluble sugar in the kernel, which are close correlative with the nucleus quality, but among the plants of each type, there were the great coefficients of variation in those compositions, the biggest one reached 2479% Those research results are important to further study on classification, increasing of seed stone quality and selection of the recommended plant for the female plants of Ginkgo biloba