植物乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲生物活性的影响

定了假药、菠萝蜜、含羞草、飞机草、白花篙、腰果等6种植物乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲各龄幼虫和成虫的拒食活性、发育历期和成虫寿命的影响，以及对实验种群增长的控制作用。结果表明，所试植物乙醇提取物中假药乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲的拒食活性最好，在0.01g血L浓度下，1~5龄幼虫及成虫的拒食率分别为91.52%、71.34%、60.98%、48.98%、43.75%和67.38%。植物乙醇提取物处理后，椰心叶甲发育历期延长。0.01g血L假药乙醇提取物处理后，椰心叶甲完成1代所需时间为73.58d，明显长于对照的43.34d;而同浓度腰果乙醇提取物处理，椰心叶甲完成1代所需时间为48.6d，与对照无明显差异。对实验种群的作用因子生命表分析，结果表明，各植物乙醇提取物主要影响了椰心叶甲生殖力下降、卵不孵化和广2龄幼虫死亡，导致种群增长趋势下降，其干扰作用指数分别为0.0108、0.0386、0.1764、0.2458、0.3437和0.5179。

Effects of Plant Alcohol Extracts on Bioactivities of Brontispa longissima Population in Laboratory

Antifeeding activity,development duration,longevity of adults and growth of population of Brontispa longissima were mensurated after Brontispa longissima population was treated in laboratory with alcohol extracts of Piper sarmentosum Roxb., Artocarpus heterophllus Lam., Mimosa pudica L., Eupatorium odoratum L., Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant., and Anacardium occidentale L. The results showed that the extract of P. sarmentosum showed the best antifeeding activity against B. longissima population. The extract of P. sarmentosum at the concentration of 0.01 g/mL was used to treat larva at 1st, 2nd, 3rd,4th, 5th and adult of Brontispa longissima, and their antifeedant rates were 91.52 %,71.34 %, 60.98 %,48.98 %,43.75 % and 67.38 % respectively.The alcohol extracts delayed the development duration of B. longissima, and the period of one generation of B. longissima was found to be 73.58 days when treated with 0.01 g/mL of extracts of P. sarmentosum, which was longer than that of the control(43.34 days).However, one generation of B. longissima lasted for 48.06 days when B. longissima was treated with the same concentration of A.occidentale, which was not obviously longer than that of the control. Analysis of acting factors with life table of population in laboratory showed that the extracts led to decline of fecundity of adult, non-hatch of egg, death of 1st and 2nd instar larva, and decline of population. The interference indexes of the population controlled by 6 alcohol extracts were 0.010 8,0.038 6,0.176 4,0.245 8, 0.343 7 and 0.517 9 respectively.