细胞质雄性不育系在大豆常规育种中的应用研究

提高育种效率是育种家追求的育种手段之一，大豆细胞核雄性不育系已被应用于轮回选择育种中，但细胞质雄性不育系能否应用于常规大豆育种程序还未曾有报导。此研究以13个细胞质雄性不育系和9个恢复系配制15个杂交组合，利用苜蓿切叶蜂授粉，通过对其后代的选择与鉴定，选育出4个高产、优质大豆新品系。探讨了该方法的育种效率、组合选配与后代选择问题以及杂种优势与后代表现的关系。研究结果显示，该方法能显著提高育种效率，为细胞质雄性不育系在常规大豆育种中的应用开辟了新的途径。

Application of CMS Lines in Soybean Conventional Breeding

Plant breeders try to improve breeding efficiency constantly. The nuclear male sterile（NMS） lines have been used in soybean recurrent selection. So far, the cytoplasmic male sterile（CMS） lines have not be used in soybean conventional breeding procedure. In this study, 15 combinations were made by 13 CMS lines and 9 restorer lines. The alfalfa leafcutting bee was used to transfer pollens from male parents to female parents. Through selection and evaluation, 4 elite breeding lines were screened. The authors discussed the breeding efficiency, making of the combinations, selection of the progenies and relation between the F1 heterosis and the progenies’exhibition. The results demonstrated that the CMS breeding method could be useful and efficient in soybean conventional breeding.