水稻多基因型种群品种在云南德宏的生态响应

农作物遗传多样性对保障粮食安全和农业可持续发展至关重要,但当前农作物遗传多样性衰减导致田间遗传多样性单一化,病虫害发生加剧。增加农作物遗传多样性可以有效控制和减缓病虫害的发生和流行。多基因型种群品种是利用多亲本聚合杂交方法(MAGIC杂交)培育出的品种,理论上可以丰富和拓宽品种遗传多样性,增强品种抗逆性和丰产性。为了评价多基因型种群品种在云南的生态响应,本研究选用水稻多基因型种群品种,于2013年至2014年间在云南省德宏州农业科学研究所开展田间试验。结果表明:水稻多基因型种群品种在云南德宏田间稻瘟病病情指数处于2.27~4.41之间,属于偏轻发生,白叶枯病情指数处于0~1.21之间,属于轻发生,稻曲病病情指数处于3.45~6.88之间,属于偏轻发生;产量为 7 650~9 720 kg/hm2,与对照(高产优质)品种没有显著性差异,表现出了较好的抗病性和丰产性。

Ecological Response of Rice Multi-genotype Variety in Dehong,Yunnan Province

Crop genetic diversity is essential for food security and sustainable agricultural development,but the current crop genetic diversity attenuation leads to serious pests and diseases exacerbating.Increasing crop genetic diversity can effectively control and mitigate the problem. Multi-genotype variety is bred by multi-parents advanced generation intercross method (MAGIC hybrid), which can enrich and broaden the genetic diversity from theory and enhance resistance ability and improve yield. In order to evaluate multi-genotype varietys ecological response, this study choosing multi-genotype variety of rice to carry out field experiment between 2013 and 2014 in DeHong Institute of Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that the rice blast severity index is between 2.27 and 4.41, belonging to light occurrence. Bacterial blight severity index is between 0 and 1.21, belonging to lighter occurrence. False smut severity index is between 3.45 and 6.88,belonging to light occurrence. The grain yields had no significant difference with control variety,which shows a better disease resistance and high yield.