大白菜细胞质雄性不育系选育及其细胞学观察

本研究以08S024为不育源,以自交系08S058为待转育品系,采用饱和回交法连续回交6代获得胞质不育系13A61。该不育系植株长势和雌蕊正常,雄蕊败育,育性稳定,不育株率和不育度均为100%。对不育系13A61及其保持系08S058的花药结构进行观察。结果显示:不育系13A61的败育始于四分体时期,主要败育特点为绒毡层细胞异常膨大或原位爆发性降解。四分体能够释放单核小孢子,但无法进一步发育而最终败育。不育系的选育将为不育资源的利用提供技术支持,该不育系的育成及其细胞学的研究结果也为进一步揭示其败育机制提供材料和理论基础。

Cytological Investigation and Breeding of CMS Line in Chinese Cabbage

Chinese cabbage male sterile material 08S024 was used as the female parent and inbred line 08S058 as the recurrent male parent. We got a CMS line 13A61 after 6 generation saturated backcross. Only the stamen occurred abortion but the pistil was normal in 13A61.Plants grow well. Its male sterility was stable. Male sterile plant rate and male sterile degree were 100%. Anther tissue and cell structure between CMS line 13A61 and its maintainer line 13S058 were investigated. Results indicated that anther abortion started at the tetrad stage. Some tapetal cells swollen and formed enlargement and vacuolization, some of which explosively degraded. Tetrads could release the microspores, but could not further develop into mature pollens. Eventually microspores occurred completely abortion. The CMS line 13A61 was successfully bred, which provided technical support for further expanding the CMS application. The male sterile line and its maintainer line will lay a material foundation for CMS theoretical research. At the same time, cytological results will also lay a theoretical foundation for revealing abortion mechanism of the CMS line.