甲醛及弱光胁迫对常春藤生长和营养的影响

以中华常春藤和洋常春藤盆栽苗为参试材料，通过在密闭玻璃容器中设置甲醛、弱光、甲醛+弱光和对照4个处理，测定相关的形态及营养指标，探究甲醛和弱光处理对常春藤植株生长情况及营养物质积累状况的影响，揭示2种常春藤对甲醛和弱光胁迫的适应性和调节机制。结果表明：甲醛或弱光胁迫使2种常春藤的叶长、叶宽、茎长、茎粗、根长、生物量减小，叶形指数增大；甲醛胁迫使根冠比增大，弱光、双重胁迫使根冠比减小。甲醛胁迫下2种常春藤的根、茎、叶中可溶性糖含量下降，淀粉含量上升；2种常春藤根中总碳和脯氨酸含量及碳氮比上升，蛋白质和磷含量下降，叶中总碳、蛋白质和总氮含量均下降，中华常春藤根中和2种常春藤叶中的碳氮比显著上升。弱光、双重胁迫下，2种常春藤茎、叶中可溶性糖含量降低，淀粉含量上升，根中淀粉含量降低，中华常春藤叶中蛋白质和总氮含量下降，碳氮比上升，根中脯氨酸含量上升；双重胁迫下2种常春藤根、茎中脯氨酸含量均显著上升。中华常春藤的各项指标在弱光下表现较为稳定，而洋常春藤各项指标在甲醛胁迫下表现较为稳定，甲醛胁迫下洋常春藤的生长状况良好。

Effects of Formaldehyde and Weak Light Stress on Growth and Nutrition of Hedera spp.

In this paper, took the potted seedlings of Hedera nepalensis and H.helix as the experimental materials, set four treatments of formaldehyde, weak light, formaldehyde+weak light and control in airtight glass containers, and measured some morphological and nutritive index, to investigate the effects of formaldehyde and weak light stress on the growth and nutrition of two species of Hedera spp.,and then reveal the adaptability and regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that under formaldehyde or weak light stress, leaf length, leaf width, stem length, stem diameter, root length and biomass of the two species of Hedera spp. decreased, but leaf shape index increased. The formaldehyde stress made root shoot ratio increased, the weak light and formaldehyde+weak light stress made root shoot decreased. Under formaldehyde stress, soluble sugar content in roots, stems and leaves of two species of Hedera spp. decreased, and starch content increased; the contents of total carbon and proline and carbon nitrogen ratio increased, the contents of protein and phosphorus decreased in root; the contents of total carbon, protein and total nitrogen in leaf decreased; carbon nitrogen ratio in root of Hedera nepalensis increased; the carbon nitrogen ratio of in the root of Hedera nepalensis and the leaves of two species ivy increased significantly. Under the double stress of formaldehyde and weak light, the soluble sugar content decreased, starch content increased in stems and leaves of two species of Hedera spp. and starch content in root decreased; the contents of protein and total nitrogen in leaf of Hedera nepalensis decreased, carbon nitrogen ratio increased, proline content in root increased significantly. In addition, the content of proline in the roots and stems of two species of Hedera spp. increased significantly under double stress. All the indicators of Hedera nepalensis showed more stable under weak light, and the indicator of H.helix was stable under the formaldehyde stress. And under the weak light of Hedera nepalensis carbon nitrogen ratio was higher than H. helix, under the formaldehyde stress of H.helix could still be normal growth.