微生物有机肥结合土壤改良剂改善上部烟叶品质研究

为研究微生物肥(effective microorganisms,简称EM菌)和土壤改良剂混施在提高上部烟叶可用性方面的施用效果,本研究采用田间随机区组试验的方法调查了混施EM菌和土壤改良剂对上部烟叶外观品质、化学成分及其协调性和评吸质量的影响.结果表明:EM菌和土壤改良剂提高上部烟叶单叶重并降低叶片密度,整体改善烟叶的外观质量,其中,常规地膜移栽和井窖式移栽模式下混施EM菌和土壤改良剂单叶重分别达到12.89g/叶和13.61g/叶,分别比对照提高10.64%和11.41%,叶面积密度分别降低7.65%和3.90%;提高初烤烟叶含氮化合物(烟碱、总氮和蛋白质)含量,降低总糖含量,对还原糖含量影响不明显;降低初烤烟叶施木克值、糖碱比;提高两糖比(还原糖/总糖);提高初烤烟叶评吸质量,主要表现在烟叶香气质、香气量和吃味方面,两种移栽模式下混施EM菌和土壤改良剂初烤烟叶评吸总分分别达到40.1分和40.4分,较对照提高0.8和0.9分.可见,施用微生物肥(EM菌)和土壤改良剂可提高上部烟叶外观质量、化学成分协调性和感官评吸质量.

Research of the Micro-organisms Fertilizers Application Mixed with Soil Modifier on Improving the Quality of Upper Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

To investigate the effects of micro-organisms fertilizers (effective microorganisms, for short: EM) and soil modifier on the upper tobacco leaves, a field trial designed as randomized block was carried out to reveal the effects of mix application EM and soil modifier on the appearance quality, chemical component and the sensory quality of cured tobacco leaves. The results showed that the EM application, mixed with soil modifier could improve the appearance quality of upper cured tobacco, with single leaf weight (SLW) increasing, and leaf density (LD) decreasing. The SLWs of flue-cured tobacco were 12.89 g/leaf and 13.61 g/leaf in NTPL and WCTPL, increasing by 10.64% and 11.41%,respectively. The LD in NTPL and WCTPL decreased by 7.65% and 3.90%,respectively. For chemical composition, mix application EM and soil modifier could increase the content of nitrogen compounds content (nicotine, total nitrogen, and protein), but decrease the content of total sugar. What was more, no significant effect on reducing sugar content was found in current study. In further, the mix application EM and soil modifier reduced the Schmuck value and ratio of total sugar to nicotine, increased the ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar. The treatments by adding EM and soil modifier in current study enhanced the sensory quality of cured tobacco leaves, which mainly show in the aroma quality, aroma and taste. The total value of sensory quality in NTPL and WCTPL were 40.1 and 40.7, which increased by 0.8 and 0.9,respectively. In a word, the mix application EM and soil modifier was good to improve the appearance quality, coordination among the chemical component, and sensory quality of upper cured tobacco leaves.