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| 神府煤田建设中扰动地面水沙过程模拟研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 黄鹏飞,刘敏,王文龙,罗婷.神府煤田建设中扰动地面水沙过程模拟研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(5):49-55. |
| 作者姓名： | 黄鹏飞 刘敏 王文龙 罗婷 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,712100陕西杨凌 2. 杨凌区水务局水利水保站,712100陕西杨凌 3. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,712100陕西杨凌;西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,712100陕西杨凌 4. 杭州大地科技有限公司,310000,杭州 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目“煤矿开发建设中人为侵蚀机理及新增水土流失预报模型——以神府东胜煤田为例”（40771127）; 中国科学院西部行动计划项目“晋陕蒙能源基地受损生态系统恢复重建关键技术与示范”（KZCX2-XB3-13）; 水利部公益性行业专项“工程开挖面与堆积体水土流失量测算技术研究”（201201048）; 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室自主课题“土壤侵蚀动力过程模型与土壤侵蚀调控”（10502-T1） |
| 摘 要： | 通过野外放水冲刷模拟试验,以神府煤田为例,对比分析煤田建设中扰动地面和原始地面的水沙动态过程,探讨煤田建设中人为扰动地面的产流产沙规律。结果表明:1)土壤入渗率、径流含沙量、土壤剥蚀率均随放水流量和坡度的增大而增大;2)放水流量在5～25 L/min时,扰动地面的平均土壤入渗率(0.14～0.51 mm/min)、径流含沙量(62.16～118.66 g/L)和土壤剥蚀率(19.38～202.58 g/(m2.s))分别是原始地面(0.31～0.61 mm/min、1.61～12.05 g/L和0.24～21.75 g/(m2.s))的0.44～0.73倍、10～39倍和9～79倍;3)坡度在5°～18°时,扰动地面的平均径流含沙量(36.19～155.96 g/L)和土壤剥蚀率(0.79～2.70 g/(m2.s))分别是原始地面(3.27～9.62 g/L、0.05～0.19 g/(m2.s))的11～23倍和14～22倍;4)原始地面与扰动地面的土壤剥蚀率与放水流量和坡度呈显著的幂函数关系。研究结果对矿区生态环境恢复和重建及水土流失测算具有重要的指导意义。 |
| 关 键 词： | 煤田生产建设 放水冲刷试验 原始地面 扰动地面 土壤剥蚀率 |
Runoff and sediment generation on disturbed land in the process of Shenfu coalfield construction |
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| Huang Pengfei , Liu Min , Wang Wenlong , Luo Ting.Runoff and sediment generation on disturbed land in the process of Shenfu coalfield construction[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,10(5):49-55. | |
| Authors: | Huang Pengfei Liu Min Wang Wenlong Luo Ting |
| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi;2.Yangling District Water Conservation Bureau,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi;3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A＆F University,712100, Yangling,Shaanxi;4.Hangzhou Earth Science and Technology Co.,LTD,310000,Hangzhou：China) |
| Abstract: | To analyze the law of runoff and sentiment generation of the disturbed land in the process of coalfield construction,taking the disturbed land in Shenfu coalfield as study object,compared with undisturbed land,dynamic process of runoff and sediment generation were studied by runoff scouring experiments.The results show that： 1） The soil infiltration rate,sentiment yield and soil detachment rate increase with the flow discharge and the slope gradient;2） Under different discharge rates ranging from 5 to 25 L/min,the average soil infiltration rate（0.14-0.51 mm/min）,sendiment yield（62.16-118.66 g/L） and soil detachment rate（19.38-202.58 g/（m2·s）） of the disturbed land are respectively 0.44-0.73 times,10-39 times and 9-79 times as great as that（0.31-0.61 mm/min,1.61-12.05 g/L,0.24-21.75 g/（m2·s）） of the undisturbed land;3）While in different slope gradients ranging from 5° to 18°,the average sentiment yield（36.19-155.96 g/L） and soil detachment rate（0.79-2.70 g/（m2·s）） of the disturbed land was respectively 11-23 times and 14-22 times as great as that（3.27-9.62 g/L,0.05-0.19 g/（m2·s）） of the undisturbed land;4）Further analysis indicates that power regress function exits significantly in the average soil detachment rate with flow discharge and slope gradient about the undisturbed and disturbed land.The results could give very important reference to restore and reconstruct the eco-environment and estimate the soil erosion of the coal fields. |
| Keywords: | development and construction of coalfield runoff scouring experiments undisturbed land disturbed land soil detachment rate |
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