灰霉病菌对多菌灵和乙霉威抗性研究

从１９９６年３～４月辽宁省主要蔬菜种植区采集的番茄、黄瓜灰霉病果上，分离得到２８２个灰葡萄孢霉（ＢｏｔｒｙｔｉｓｃｉｎｅｒｅａＰｅｒｓ．）菌株，测定了其对多菌灵和乙霉威的敏感性。结果表明，８７．２％的菌株为抗性菌株（ＢｅｎＲ），１２．８％的菌株为敏感菌株（ＢｅｎＳ）。中抗（ＢｅｎＩＲ）和低抗（ＢｅｎＷＲ）菌株为优势菌株。抗性菌株与敏感菌株在生长速率、产孢能力及致病力等方面无明显差异。作为苯并咪唑杀菌剂负交互抗性药剂而开发的Ｎ－苯基氨基甲酸酯杀菌剂乙霉威，对ＢｅｎＨＲ菌株具有优良的抑制作用，但对ＢｅｎＷＲ，ＢｅｎＩＲ和ＢｅｎＳ菌株的抑制作用很小。由多菌灵和乙霉威复配而成的多菌灵可有效控制ＢｅｎＨＲ和ＢｅｎＳ菌株对黄瓜子叶的侵染，但不能控制ＢｅｎＷＲ和ＢｅｎＩＲ菌株的侵染。

Studies on Resistance to Carbendazim and Diethofencarb of Botrytis cinerea

The sensitivity to carbendazim and diethofencarb of 282 strains of Botrytis cinerea was examined, which were isolated from tomato and cucumber collected in the major vegetable growing areas of Liaoning Province during March April in 1996. The results showed that the percentages of resistant strains (Ben R) and sensitive strains (Ben S) against carbendazim were 87.2% and 12.8% respectively. The intermediate strains (Ben IR ) and weakly strains (Ben WR ) were predominant. There were no obvious difference between Ben R and Ben S in mycelial growth rate, production ability and pathogenicity. Diethofencarb, one of N phenylcarbamates that were exploited as negative cross resistance fungicides to benziamidazoles,could effectively inhibit the mycelial growth of high resistance stains (Ben HR ), but hardly not that of Ben WR , Ben IR and Ben S. Although Ben HR and Ben S were not pathogenic in artificial inoculation of cucumber cotyledons treated with the fungicidal mixture of carbendazim diethofencarb,Ben WR and Ben IR were.