Influence of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on damage to alfalfa,Medicago sativa L., by the alfalfa weevil,Hypera postica (Gyllenhall) and potato leafhopper,Empoasca fabae (Harris) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA;2. Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23, Bangkok 10110, Thailand;2. Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;3. Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;1. School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia;2. Dairy Centre, Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Cradle Coast Campus, 16-20 Mooreville Road, Box 3523, Burnie, Tasmania 7320, Australia;3. Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 1301 Hazeldean Road, Ellinbank, Victoria 3821, Australia;1. Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;2. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;1. Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Laboratoire Insulaire du Vivant et de l’Environnement, BPR4, 98851 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France;2. CIRAD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, LSTM UMR 082 Campus International de Baillarguet, TA-A82/J, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France;3. Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, 9-11 avenue Paul Doumer – BP 61, 98845 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France;4. IRD, UMR IMPE, 911, avenue Agropolis BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France;5. Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAPIEM EA 4323, SeaTech-Ecole d’ingénieurs, BP 20132, 83957 La Garde Cedex, France;3. Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94121;4. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143;5. Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California 90502;6. David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095 |
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| Abstract: | In a field study, the effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on damage caused by the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), and alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhall), to alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., were studied. Potato leafhopper and alfalfa weevil populations were either controlled with insecticides or allowed to develop as untreated controls. Insect management treatments were applied to alfalfa managed under high and low soil fertility regimes. Alfalfa grown under high soil fertility appeared more favourable for alfalfa weevil populations but was able to tolerate more defoliation. Populations of alfalfa weevil larvae were 34% higher on fertilized stands. On the other hand, potato leafhopper populations were as much as 43% higher on low-fertility stands. Alfalfa weevil damage caused a carry-over effect which reduced both plant height and yield of the second cutting. Fertilization negated this effect on height but not on yield. Stands damaged by potato leafhopper recovered more slowly after harvest, but fertilization reduced this effect. Yields from first-cutting alfalfa (which is not infested by the potato leafhopper) the following year were 10% greater on fertilized stands where leafhopper control had been applied the previous season. Plots infested by potato leafhopper suffered greater yield losses under low-fertility management. Leafhopper control and fertilization, alone and in combination with one another, negated these effects. |
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