青海高原型牦牛生长发育研究

目的]为研发高原有机牦牛肉提供依据。方法]对高原型牦牛和改良型牦牛进行了生长发育项目的测定。结果]在正常年景下,高原型牦牛出生、1周岁、2周岁、3周岁和4周岁体重分别为：11.90±2.10 kg、98.27±24.33 kg、162.63±27.37 kg、194.52±45.05 kg和237.62±33.44 kg。高原型牦牛出生至4周岁日增重速度随年龄的增长,呈下降趋势;体高、体长、胸围和体重日增长曲线拐点出现在1周岁及稍后一段时间。出生时改良型牦牛的体高、体斜长极显著高于高原型牦牛（P〈0.01）,胸围、管围和体重比高原型牦牛高出1.15 cm、0.12 cm和0.39 kg。1周岁时改良型牦牛的胸围和体重极显著低于高原型牦牛（P〈0.01）,体高、体长和管围比高原型牦牛低1.4 cm4、.57 cm和0.18 cm。结论]在品种改良现阶段,良种是提高改良效果的核心内容,但良好的饲养管理水平才是体现改良效果、发挥改良潜能的关键。

Study on Growth and Development of Qinghai Plateau Type Yak

【Objective】 The purpose was to provide basis data for the research and development of plateau organic yak meat.【Method】The growth and development traits of Qinghai Plateau Type yak（QPT） and Improved Type yak＇s（IT） were measured.【Result】The results showed that in normal years,the body weight of QPT at the age of birth,one year old,two years old,three years old and four years old were 11.90±2.10,98.27±24.33,162.63±27.37,194.52±45.05 and 37.62±33.44 kg,respectively.The daily gain appeared a downturn trend along with the ages.The inflexion of curve of increase on withers height,body length,chest girth and body weight occurred at the age of one year old and later.The withers height,body length of IT when it was born was significantly higher than that of QPT.The chest girth,cannon bone circumference and body weight were 1.15cm,0.12cm and 0.39㎏ higher than that of QPT.At the age of one year old,the chest girth and body weight of IT was significantly lower than that of QPT.The withers height,body length and cannon circumference were 1.4,4.57 and 0.18 cm lower than that of QPT.【Conclusion】It showed that a nicer feeding and management system was the key for breed improvement.