Annual evolution of cattle immunity against Babesia divergens in Northern Switzerland |
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| Institution: | 1. Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India;2. Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India;3. ICAR−−Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, Boriavi, Anand, 387310 Gujarat India;4. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Junagarh Agricultural University, Junagarh, 362001, Gujarat, India;5. Department of Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India;6. Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR–National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh India;1. USDA-ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010, USA;2. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA;2. INSERM U1035 BMGIC Immuno-Dermatology, ATIP-AVENIR, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;3. BIOalternatives, Gençay, France;4. Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux and INSERM U1035 BMGIC, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France;5. San Gallicano Dermatology Institute, Rome, Italy;6. Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-André, CHU de Bordeaux and INSERM U1035 BMGIC Immuno-Dermatology, ATIP-AVENIR, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France |
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| Abstract: | A seroepidemiological survey of Babesia divergens babesiosis was conducted on 9 farms in a focus of northern Switzerland (Clos-du-Doubs, Jura). During 1981, a total of > 300 cattle were examined for B. divergens antibodies with an indirect immunofluorescence test. Annual evolution of immunity was estimated 3 times during the year (April, July and December). Cattle were progressively sensitized against B. divergens during the grazing period. Considering all cattle, 33.9% possessed anti-B. divergens antibodies in spring, before the grazing period. This percentage increased in the summer (59.1%), reaching 90.6% in December.In the studied area, the most important calving period occurs in autumn and young calves do not leave the farm before they are 2 months old. Calves generally lacked maternal antibodies when they were moved to pastures for the first time. Although infested with B. divergens-infected ticks, they never presented acute symptoms of babesiosis. They appeared to be naturally resistant to the disease. Cattle from 9 months to 3 years old were more susceptible. In April, 73.4% did not show antibodies. During our study, 12 of the 15 cattle of that age which had babesiosis did not possess antibodies. Cattle > 3 years old were more protected. In April, only 51% lacked antibodies and 1 case of babesiosis was observed in this group. |
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