近四十年新疆绿洲农业生态经济系统运行态势

从新疆近 40多年绿洲农业生态经济系统发展状况看 ,农业生产水平提高较为显著 ,生态建设有所改进。它主要表现在 :单产水平提高了几倍 ,农田防护林网逐步完善 ,水利工程建设得到加强 ,盐渍化治理也有所进展 ,生活能源的短缺得到改善。但总体上绿洲农业生态经济系统的不协调仍是明显的。主要问题有 :作物结构单一 ,下游区域缺水使绿洲稳定受到威胁 ,农田施肥重化肥轻有机肥 ,河水水质盐化加重。对这些问题必须引起重视 ,只有逐步解决不协调 ,才能实现区域农业的可持续发展。

Developmental Trend on Ecological Economic System of Oasis Agriculture in Xinjiang in Past 40 Years

Developmental situation on ecological economic system of oasis agriculture in Xiniang in the past 40 years was studied. The results showed that yield in agricultural production was greatly raised, oasis protection forest was gradually perfected, the construction of hydraulic engineering was reinforced to a certain degree, the control of salinization was slight made progress, and deficiency of life energy resources was obviously improved. As a whole, uncoordinated situation of ecological economic system of oasis agriculture still considerably existed. The main problems are that crop structure is irrational, water resources deficiency poses a threat to oasis stability in the lower reaches of Tarim River, organic manure is ignored, and river water salinity is aggravated. In order to carry out agricultural sustainable development these problems must be resolved step by step.