Cardiovascular variables in eventing and endurance horses over a season |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Länggasstrasse 124, Bern, 3014, Switzerland;2. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA;1. Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA;2. Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA;3. Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA;4. Veterinary Emergency & Referral Group, Brooklyn, NY 11217, USA;1. Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA;2. Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA;1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA;2. Office of Student and Curricular Assessment, Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA;1. Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA;3. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 1220 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA;4. Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1620 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionThe objectives of this study were to describe the changes in clinical cardiovascular examination variables over a competition season in groups of competitive eventing and endurance horses and to compare these findings to non-competitive controls of the same breeds.AnimalsThis study included two eventing horses, 11 endurance horses, and 13 eventing and seven endurance control breed-matched horses.Materials and methodsCardiovascular examinations were performed before starting the competition season, in the middle and at the peak/end of the competition season. Examinations included auscultation of the heart; M-mode echocardiographic measurements and calculated values; left atrial, pulmonary artery, and aortic diameters; color flow Doppler; exercise electrocardiograms (ECG) measuring peak heart rates and quantifying premature complexes; and 24-h continuous ECGs quantifying premature complexes per hour.ResultsAuscultation, echocardiograms, arrhythmias during exercise, and 24-h continuous ECGs did not change significantly throughout the season (p > 0.05 for all variables).ConclusionCardiovascular examination variables of eventing and endurance horses throughout a competition season are reported here for the first time. Although the present study did not reveal significant changes, data should be interpreted carefully as only a small number of horses were examined. |
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| Keywords: | Arrhythmia Electrocardiogram Echocardiogram Holter Sport horse |
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