国家主体功能区划与黄土高原生态恢复

解决黄土高原生态恢复和农民生计问题的根本出路在于人口外迁和减轻土地的人口压力.目前尚在执行的退耕还林政策取得了显著恢复生态成效,但在解决农民生计方面存在着缺陷.即将实施的国家主体功能区划方案明确了黄土高原的空间功能格局,并从引导过载人口外迁、提高农民生活水平和生态得到持久恢复等方面为黄土高原提供了的政策保障.黄土高原各省区应抓住国家推进主体功能区形成的机遇,宜及早组织和开展一批相关项目的研究工作.

National Major Function Oriented Zoning and Ecological Environment Restoration of the Loess Plateau

Emigration and alleviating stresses of population on land resources are key measures to restore ecological environment and improve farmers' livelihood. The present policy of returning land for farming to forestry has achieved remarkable success in ecological restoration. However, it has defects on solving the problem of farmers' livelihood. The forthcoming National Major Function Oriented Zoning defined the spatial function pattern of the Loess Plateau, and provided policy guarantee on the aspects of guiding emigration of excess population, improving farmers' livelihood and continuously restoring ecological environment on the Loess Plateau. Seizing the opportunity of emergence of national major function zone, provinces of the Loess Plateau should organize and implement relevant researching programs without delay.