黄土高原旱地矮化苹果定植时期与方式对幼树生长和成花的影响

在渭北黄土高原旱地进行矮化苹果不同定植时期与方式试验研究表明 ,旱原地区改落叶后和萌芽前为早秋 ( 9～ 1 0月 )带叶定植 ,平均单株再生延长新根总量比落叶后、春季和不带叶定植分别高出 8.1倍、5 .4倍、0 .5倍 ,平均单株总生长量分别为落叶后、春季和不带叶定植的 3.2倍、2 .8倍、0 .8倍 ,干径年增长率分别为 2倍、1 .4倍、0 .4倍 ,而且无发病株 ;定植后两年树冠扩展快 ,单株平均总枝量为落叶后、春季和不带叶定植的 8.3倍、3.5倍、0 .7倍 ,第 3年开花株率分别为 30 .2倍、9倍、0 .9倍 ,有利于幼树加速生长 ,提早成形 ,为早果丰产奠定了基础

Effect of Planting Time and Methods on Growth and Flowering of Young Dwarf Apple in Dry Land of Loess Plateau

The experiment of different planting time and method on dwarf apple trees in dry land of loess plateau were carried out. The results showed that planting tree with leaf at early autumn(September to October) is better than traditional planting time (after leaf fall or spring) at dry land. The total average new root growth on every tree that trees were planted with leaf at early autumn is 8.1, 5.4, 0.5 times higher than respectively compared with planting tree after leaf fall at early winter, spring and without leaf at early autumn. Total growth on each tree is 3.2, 2.8, 0.8 times higher than above treatments respectively. The annual trunk increase growth is 2.0, 1.4, 0.4 times higher than above treatments respectively, and no diseased tree can be seen. Average total shoot growth on each tree in second year is 8.3, 3.5, 0.7 times higher than above treatments respectively. Rate of flowering tree in third year is 30.2, 9.0, 0.9 times higher than above treatments respectively. It improved young tree growth, and laid a basis for tree early fruiting and high yield.