黑龙江省抗旱节水灌溉集成技术模式研究

黑龙江省水资源总量为810.33亿m3,人均占有量和耕地亩均占有量都低于全国平均水平,水资源时空分布不均、季节性干旱频发、作物生育期内水量分布不均等因素加剧了农业灌溉用水短缺,严重影响了旱作区作物种植面积的发展和产量的稳定与提高。分析了机械化暗式注水灌溉技术、中耕补水技术、喷滴灌技术等抗旱节水灌溉技术的特点效果,根据玉米调亏水分灌溉指标、作物受旱生态表现及土壤干旱状况分级,提出了抗旱节水灌溉集成技术模式,缓解了水资源供需矛盾,减少了干旱带来的损失,为实现粮食持续稳产高产提供技术支持。

Study on Integration Technology Mode of Drought Resistance and Water Saving Irrigation in Heilongj iang Province

The total water resources of Heilongjiang Province 810.33 billion stere,the per capita occupancy volume of water re-sources and farmland are lower than national average,the uneven distribution of water resources in space and time、frequent occur-rence of seasonal drought、uneven distribution of water in growth period of crop,etc.which aggravate the shortage of agriculture wa-ter,and seriously affect development of crop planting area and increase of yield.The characteristics of mechanized hidden water in-j ection irrigation technology、intertillage water supplement technology、sprinkler and drip irrigation technology,etc.were analyzed in the paper,integration technology mode of drought resistance and water saving irrigation were put forward,which provide technical support for relieving supply and demand contradiction of water resources,realizing stable and high grain yield continually.