滴灌施肥下不同栽培模式对马铃薯生长和水肥利用的影响

为了研究滴灌施肥灌溉条件下马铃薯配套的栽培模式,参考大型喷灌机灌溉条件下马铃薯的栽培模式,布置了"窄垄种植单行马铃薯"和"宽垄种植双行马铃薯"两种栽培模式,研究了滴灌施肥灌溉条件下两种栽培模式对马铃薯生长、产量和水肥利用效率等的影响。结果表明,在滴灌施肥灌溉下,通过负压计指导施肥灌溉,当滴头正下方20cm深度处的土壤水基质势低于-25kPa时进行施肥灌溉时,与"窄垄种植单行马铃薯"栽培模式相比,"宽垄种植双行马铃薯"的栽培模式能有效地改善根区土壤水分状况,促进马铃薯的生长,马铃薯不仅增产9.0%~18.0%,并且灌溉水利用效率提高了15.6%~46.0%,偏肥料生产力提高了17.5%~38.0%。

Effects of Cultivation Pattern on Potato Growth and the Water and Fertilizer Efficiency Under Drip Fertigation

For effective cultivation of potato under drip fertigation,a 2-year field experiment of cultivation pattern on potato growth, tuber yield,irrigation water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity was carried out.The treatments included two cultivation patterns:single-row potato was planted on a narrow ridge and twin-row potato was planted on a wide ridge.The soil matric potential at 20 cm depth under the emitters was controlled above -25 kPa for drip fertigation.Results show that twin-row potato was planted on a wide ridge to effectively improve the soil moisture in the rootzone,promote the growth of potato,increase potato yield by 9.0%~18.0%,improve irrigation water use efficiency by 15.6%~46.0%,and enhance partial factor productivity from applied fertilizer by 17.5%~38.0% compare with single-row potato on a narrow ridge.