宁夏滴灌不同春小麦施肥模式研究

为了探索适合于宁夏引黄灌区滴灌条件下春小麦的施肥模式和品种,设置田间试验,分析了两品种春小麦5种滴灌施肥模式和1种传统畦灌施肥模式的耗水规律、株高、干物质、产量等指标。结果表明,宁夏黄羊滩壤质砂土条件下,春小麦滴灌处理全生育期耗水量大约是畦灌的75%左右。在土壤条件为壤质砂土的地区,施用底肥处理在分蘖中期干物质量平均较不施基肥处理高18%左右,适量的施用基肥有利于促进小麦前期的生长发育。氮磷钾均施用底肥的处理产量最高,两品种分别为7 402.8和7 375.3kg/hm2。建议在基础地力和土壤质地较差的地区,施用全生育期总施肥量的20%N、P2O5、K2O肥作为底肥,剩余的肥料,45%施用在拔节-抽穗期,35%施用在灌浆-乳熟期作为施肥模式。

Fertilization Pattern Research on Two Spring Wheat Varieties Under Drip Irrigation in Ningxia

In order to find out the suitable fertilization mode and variety of spring wheat under drip irrigation in ningxia yellow river ir-rigation area,analyzed water consumption,plant height,dry matter,yield and other indexes of the two spring wheat varieties of 5 kinds of drip irrigation fertilization mode and 1 kind of traditional border irrigation fertilization mode by setting up a field experiment. The results showed that the water consumption under drip irrigation was 75% of the water consumption under border irrigationin complete processing time for spring wheat.In areas where soil conditions is loamy sand,the average dry matter of the treatment that applied base fertilizer was 1 8% more than the treatment that without base fertilizer in the middle of tillering.proper application of base fertilizer is helpful to promote the wheat growth in early stage.The treatment that used N、P2 O5、K2 O as the base fertilizers got the highest yield,the highest yield of two varieties respectively were 7 402.8 and 7375.3 kg/hm2 .Suggestions for the poor founda-tion soil fertility and poor soil texture areas,using 20% of the total fertilizer as base fertilizers,45% of the total fertilizer can be used in jointing stage and heading stage and 35% of the total fertilizer can be used in grouting and milk stage.